考虑输变电设备温度约束的配电网空调负荷实时聚合调控

Real-time aggregated regulation of air conditioning loads in distribution network considering temperature constraints of power transmission and transformation equipment

为解决迎峰度夏期间因输变电设备温度限制而引发的紧急切负荷问题,充分考虑新能源出力和负荷的随机波动,提出考虑输变电设备温度约束的配电网多冷水机组暖通空调负荷实时聚合调控方法。建立考虑多冷水机组负荷分配策略的暖通空调线性能耗模型,设计基于聚合虚拟储能模型的统一信号调控方法,并根据输变电设备的物理结构,构建输变电设备的线性化温度约束模型;计及交流潮流、电压和输变电设备温度等运行约束,以系统经济性最优为目标建立配电网暖通空调负荷调控模型;为应对配电网的强随机性,提出基于近似动态规划的配电网暖通空调负荷实时调控策略,并采用与暖通空调虚拟储能荷电状态相关的分段线性函数对值函数进行近似,解决传统动态规划方法面临的“维数爆炸”问题。算例分析结果表明,所提方法可满足实时调控的快速性和准确性要求,并有效提升配电网供电的可靠性和经济性。

In order to solve the emergency load shedding problem caused by the temperature limitation of power transmission and transformation equipment during the peak summer period,a real-time aggregation and regulation method of multi-chiller heating,ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC) load in distribution network considering the temperature constraints of power transmission and transformation equipment is proposed fully considering the stochastic fluctuation of new energy output and load.A linear energy consumption model for HVAC considering the load distribution strategy of multi-chiller is established,a unified signal regulation method based on the aggregated virtual energy storage model is designed,and a linearized temperature constraint model of the power transmission and transformation equipment is built according to the physical structure of power transmission and transformation equipment.Considering the operational constraints such as AC power flow,voltage,and temperature of power transmission and transformation equipment,a regulation model for HVAC load in distribution network is established with the optimal system economy as the object.In order to cope with the strong stochasticity of distribution network,a real-time HVAC load regulation strategy based on approximate dynamic programming is proposed,and the value function is approximated by a segmented linear function related to the state of charge of virtual energy storage for HVAC,which solves the problem of “dimensional explosion” faced by the traditional dynamic programming methods.Example analysis results show that the proposed method can satisfy the rapidity and accuracy requirements of real-time regulation,and effectively improve the reliability and economy of power supply in distribution network.