机会成本、返乡农民工创业与乡村产业振兴的关系实证研究

Empirical Study on Relationship Between Opportunity Cost,Returned Migrant Workers′Entrepreneurship and Rural Industrial Revitalization

返乡农民工创业是实现乡村产业转型升级和高质量发展的驱动力。通过引入机会成本和创业环境2个外生变量,扩展了农民工返乡创业与乡村产业振兴作用关系模型,系统构建了机会成本、返乡农民工创业与乡村产业振兴作用机理模型,运用结构方程模型和分区域与分层相结合的随机抽样方法,采用贵州省安顺市平坝区220份返乡农民工的调查数据对理论模型和研究假设进行了实证检验,探讨了返乡农民工创业对乡村产业振兴的影响效应。研究结果表明,返乡农民工的创业对乡村产业振兴具有直接正向影响效应,创业环境对乡村产业振兴具有间接影响效应,而机会成本则对返乡农民工的创业决策行为具有显著的负向影响。为此,提出如下建议:放宽信贷约束条件,拓展返乡创业农民工的融资渠道;加大政策扶持和创业信息推广力度,降低返乡农民工创业的机会成本;探索“产学研+返乡农民工创业”的协同创新模式,为返乡农民工创业提供更多的智力支持和技术指导。

Entrepreneurship of returned migrant workers serves as a driving force for achieving rural industrial transformation,upgrading,and high-quality development.By introducing two exogenous variables(opportunity cost and entrepreneurial environment),this study expanded the model of the relationship between returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship and rural industrial revitalization.It systematically constructed a mechanism model encompassing op portunity cost,returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship,and rural industrial revitalization.Using structural equation model and a combined random sampling method of regional and stratified sampling,the study empirically tested the theoretical model and research hypothesis with survey data from 220 returned migrant workers in Pingba District,Anshun City,Guizhou Province,to explore the influence of returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship on rural industrial revitalization.The research results indicated that returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship had a direct positive influence on rural industrial revitalization,the entrepreneurial environment had an indirect influence,and opportunity cost significantly negatively influenced the entrepreneurial decision-making behavior of returned migrant workers.Therefore,the following suggestions were proposed:easing credit constraints and expanding financial channels for returned migrant workers engaging in entrepreneurship;increasing policy support and entrepreneurial information promotion to reduce the opportunity cost for returned migrant workers'entrep-reneurship;exploring a collaborative innovation model of"industry-university-institute+returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship"to provide more intellectual support and technical guidance for returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship.