社会创新与乡村振兴的理论与实践

Theory and practice of social innovation and rural revitalization

新时代乡村发展迎来重大机遇,但乡村发展不平衡不充分的问题仍显著。社会创新不仅是促进乡村经济社会发展与变革的重要内生动力,也是打破乡村“外源—内源”二元结构、实现乡村新内源发展、全面推进乡村振兴战略、建设宜居宜业和美乡村的关键力量。研究在理论层面解读社会创新与乡村社会创新的概念特征,在实践层面梳理国内外乡村社会创新的实践演进,阐释新时代乡村社会创新与乡村振兴的内在逻辑,总结新时代乡村社会创新助推乡村振兴的实现路径,展望未来乡村社会创新研究的重点领域。结果表明,乡村社会创新的本质在于增强乡村社会的行动能力与实现可持续的社会效益,以推动乡村可持续发展。社会创新视角下的中国乡村发展历经初步尝试阶段、曲折摸索阶段、正式实践阶段和创新发展阶段。乡村社会创新通过创新触发、创新过程、创新表征和创新目标,积极助推乡村振兴和乡村新内源发展,乡村振兴也能反馈并加强乡村社会创新。针对乡村振兴的战略需求和实践需要,乡村社会创新助推乡村振兴的实现路径在于重构政府、市场、社会三者之间的关系。新时代的乡村社会创新研究应着力于审视乡村社会创新的逻辑演进与理论探索、识别乡村社会创新的关键要素与隐形门槛、总结乡村社会创新的网络演化与驱动机制、实现乡村社会创新的动态跟踪与效应评估,以期为乡村振兴新内源发展的中国道路提供理论指引与实践参考。

Rural development in the new era has ushered in material development opportunities but it is still faced with significant problems of imbalance and inadequacy.Rural social innovation is not only an important endogenous driving force to promote socioeconomic development and reform,but also a key force to break the dual"exogenous-endogenous"structure in rural areas,realize their neo-endogenous development,and promote the full implementation of the rural revitalization strategy to build a livable,viable,and beautiful countryside.This study interprets the conceptual characteristics of social innovation and rural social innovation in the theoretical perspective,sorts out the practical evolution of rural social innovation at home and abroad,explains the internal logic of rural social innovation and rural revitalization in the new era,summarizes the pathway for the realization of rural social innovation to promote rural revitalization,and looks ahead to the future key research areas of rural social innovation.The results show that the essence of rural social innovation lies in enhancing the active capabilities of rural society to achieve sustainable social benefits and promote rural sustainable development.From the perspective of social innovation theory,China's rural development has gone through an initial trial stage,a tortuous exploratory stage,a formal practice stage,and an innovative development stage.Rural social innovation plays a positive role in promoting rural revitalization and neo-endogenous development through innovation initiatives,processes,representation,and goals.In addition,rural revitalization can also react to and strengthen rural social innovation.According to the strategic and practical needs of rural revitalization,one method for promoting rural revitalization through rural social innovation is to reconstruct the relationships among the government,markets,and society.Future research into rural social innovation in the new era should be focused on examining its logical evolution and theoretical exploration,identifying its key elements and invisible thresholds,summarizing its network evolution and driving mechanism,and realizing its dynamic tracking and effect evaluations to provide theoretical guidance and a practical reference for the neo-endogenous development of rural revitalization in China.