“大占补”改革背景下耕地保护转型的逻辑与创新实践

Logic and Innovative Practice of Cultivated Land Protection Transformation in the Context of Large-scale Balancing Cultivated Land Occupation and Reclamation Reform

研究目的:阐释“大占补”与耕地保护转型之间的关系,厘清“大占补”改革背景下耕地保护转型的基本逻辑,探索新时代耕地保护转型和农业空间优化的创新路径。研究方法:理论分析法、归纳演绎法、案例研究法。研究结果:(1)“大占补”改革顺应了中国式现代化和当前经济社会发展的本质需求,深化和优化耕地数量、质量与生态“三位一体”保护;(2)“大占补”改革是耕地保护转型的重要指引,必须坚持内核优化、外核支撑和空间引领的基本逻辑,夯实保护目标、理顺保护关系、变革保护方法、优化保护布局、实现保护价值;(3)实证研究表明“大占补”改革主导下全域土地整治、增减挂钩、高标准农田建设等政策工具可以有效促进农业空间优化,纠正林—耕空间错配、破解耕地破碎化等难题,有序引导耕地保护转型,协同推进多元化食物供给。研究结论:“大占补”改革下应立足大农业生产空间,通过用途管制、分类管理等手段推动耕地保护转型,引领国土空间优化和大食物观践行。

The purposes of this study are to explain the relationship between large-scale balancing cultivated land occupation and reclamation and the transformation of cultivated land protection,to clarify the basic logic of the transformation of cultivated land protection in the context of large-scale balancing cultivated land occupation and reclamation reform,and to explore the practical paths of the transformation of cultivated land protection and optimization of agricultural space in the new era.The research methods include theoretical analysis,inductive deduction and case study.The research results show that:1)the reform of large-scale balancing cultivated land occupation and reclamation meets the essential needs of Chinese modernization and current economic and social development,and deepens and optimizes the trinity protection of cultivated land in quantity,quality and ecology.2)The large-scale balancing cultivated land occupation and reclamation reform is an important guideline for the transformation of cultivated land protection.We must adhere to the basic logic of inner core optimization,outer core support and spatial leadership,to consolidate the protection goal,to rationalize the protection relationship,to change the protection method,to optimize the protection layout,and to realize the protection value.3)The case study shows that the current policy tools such as area-wide remediation,linkage between increase and decrease,and high-standard farmland construction can effectively adjust and optimize the agricultural space,correct the problems of forest-tillage spatial mismatches and cultivated fragmentation,and guide the transformation of cultivated protection in an orderly manner to synergistically promote the diversification of food supply.In conclusion,the reform of large-scale balancing cultivated land occupation and reclamation responds to the needs of economic and social development in the new era,promotes the transformation of cultivated land protection,and leads to the optimization of territorial space and the practice of integrated food security perspective.