喉癌部分喉切除术后患者早期经口进食体验的质性研究

Qualitative study on early oral eating experience of patients with laryngeal neoplasms after partial laryngectomy

目的了解喉癌部分喉切除术后患者早期经口进食的真实体验,为构建个性化的饮食干预方案提供参考。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2023年6-12月在山东省第二人民医院行部分喉切除术的13例喉癌患者进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果共提炼出3个主题:经口进食的困境(不良的进食体验、未掌握/不了解经口进食的技巧、经口进食的欲望下降、负性心理严重)、患者渴望理解与支持(渴望家人的理解、渴望同伴的指导、渴望医务人员的专业指导)、经口进食的促进因素(家人的关爱、医务人员的鼓励、患者康复的信念)。结论喉癌部分喉切除术后患者早期经口进食期间存在生理和心理等多方面的问题,医护人员应联合患者家庭成员、同伴帮助患者改善经口进食体验,促进患者早日康复。

Objective To understand the real experience of oral eating in the early stage of patients after partial laryngectomy for laryngeal neoplasms,so as to provide a reference for constructing a personalized dietary intervention plan.Methods Purposive sampling method was used to select 13 laryngeal neoplasms patients who had undergone partial laryngectomy in our hospital between June and December 2023.Then semi-structured interviews were conducted,and Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used for analysis.Results Three themes were extracted:dilemmas of oral eating,desire for understanding and support,and factors promoting oral eating.Conclusion Patients with laryngeal neoplasms after partial laryngectomy have many physical and psychological problems with early oral eating.Medical staff should better their oral eating experience and promote their early recovery,with the help of their family members and partners.