中国职业技术师范教育发展的历史回溯与经验探析

The Historical Retrospect and Experience Analysis of the Development of China's Vocational and Technical Teacher Education

职业技术师范教育是培养职业教育教师、专业化程度较高的高等师范教育,在我国已具有一百六十多年的发展历史。自孕育以来,职业技术师范教育经历了清末萌芽期、民国发展期、新中国成立后时期、改革开放后时期和新时代时期五个阶段。通过历史回溯,我国职业技术师范教育发展的经验主要有:职业技术师范教育发展的一个关切点是职业教育发展效能的提升;职业技术师范教育的师源体系应具有多元化特质;职业技术师范教育的重要质量保障是相关制度体系的科学创生;职业技术师范教育是未来“双师型”职教师资有效形成的助推器。

Vocational and technical teacher education is a professional higher normal education which trains teachers of vocational education and has a history of more than 160 years in China.Since its conception,vocational and technical teacher education has gone through five stages:the budding period in the late Qing Dynasty,the development period in the Republic of China,the period after the founding of New China,the period after the reform and opening up,and the period of the new era.Through historical retrospection,the experiences of the development of vocational and technical teacher education in China mainly include:the logical starting point of the development of vocational and technical teacher education is the enhancement of the effectiveness of the development of vocational education;the teacher source system of vocational and technical teacher education should be diversified;the important quality guarantee of vocational and technical teacher education is the scientific creation of the relevant system;vocational and technical teacher education is a booster for the effective formation o“f double-qualified”vocational teachers in the future.