“十三五”以来我国新旧动能转换成效、存在问题及对策研究

Research on the effectiveness,existing problems and countermeasures of China’s new and old kinetic energy conversion since the“13th Five-Year Plan”

本文通过对“十三五”以来我国产业发展情况进行系统性梳理,从低端和过剩产能化解、传统产业改造升级、新兴产业和“三新经济”发展、产业组织形态优化等视角,归纳得出我国在新旧动能转换方面取得的一系列成就。同时,也从新动能规模、区域结构、支撑体系等方面分析出我国新旧动能转化过程中还存在传统动能量大质弱,新动能体量小后劲不足,动能转换过程中存在要素错配,相关政策的精准度和效力不足等问题。本文建议在“十五五”期间加强政策顶层设计,以打造新质生产力为思想统领,制定统一清晰的动能转换路线图;创新政策供给,加强知识产权保护,促进创新竞争;强化产业链协同和整体提升,优化产业发展生态;完善要素培育模式,增强要素支撑体系的适配性。

This paper systematically sorts out the industrial development of China since the “13th Five-Year Plan”, and summarizes a series of achievements in the transformation of new and old kinetic energy from the perspectives of low-end and excess capacity resolution, transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, development of emerging industries and “three new economies”, and optimization of industrial organization forms. At the same time, from the aspects of the scale, regional structure and support system of new kinetic energy, it is also analyzed that there are still problems in the transformation process of new and old kinetic energy in China, such as the large quality and weak quality of traditional kinetic energy, the small volume of new kinetic energy, the lack of stamina, the mismatch of factors in the process of kinetic energy conversion, and the lack of accuracy and effectiveness of relevant policies. This paper suggests that during the “15th Five-Year” Plan period, the top-level design of policies should be strengthened, and a unified and clear roadmap for kinetic energy conversion should be formulated under the ideological guidance of building new quality productivity;the supply of innovation policies, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, and promote innovation competition;strengthen the coordination and overall improvement of the industrial chain, and optimize the industrial development ecology;improve the factor cultivation model and enhance the adaptability of the factor support system.