聚焦波作用下倒圆角方形立柱波浪砰击载荷试验研究

Experimental study on wave impact load of a rounded square column under focused wave action

为深入理解极端波浪下海洋结构物的砰击载荷特性,基于波浪水池模型试验,研究聚焦波对倒圆角方形立柱的波浪砰击压力时空变化特性。采用小波分析、局部加权线性回归等方法从波浪载荷测量数据中提取砰击压力,分析波浪周期、波陡、聚焦位置和波浪入射角对砰击压力峰值及冲量分布规律的影响。结果表明:立柱波浪载荷在上部主要为峰值高、作用时间短的波浪砰击压力,静水面附近则为缓变的准静态波浪力;较大的波陡和周期显著增加了立柱的波浪砰击压力和冲量的空间分布范围,且立柱上部砰击载荷明显增大;考虑聚焦位置的影响,发现当波浪聚焦位置位于立柱后表面时的砰击载荷最大。

To deeply understand impact load characteristics of marine structures under extreme waves,based on wave pool model experiments,spatiotemporal variation characteristics of wave impact pressure on a rounded square column under focused wave action were studied.Wavelet analysis,locally weighted linear regression and other methods were used to extract impact pressure from wave load measurement data,and analyze effects of wave period,wave steepness,focusing position and wave incidence angle on peak impact pressure and pressure impulse distribution.The results showed that the column wave load is mainly wave impact pressure with high peak value and short action time on its upper part,and the column is subjected to quasi-static wave force with gradual variation near static water surface;larger wave steepness and period significantly increase spatial distribution range of wave impact pressure and impulse on the column,and impact load on the column’s upper part increases obviously;when wave focusing position is located at the column’s rear surface,wave impact load on the column is the maximum.