双碳目标下电网设备碳成本分摊的输配电价测算模型研究

Research on transmission and distribution electricity price calculation model for carbon cost allocation of power grid equipment under the dual carbon target

加快碳足迹管理是“双碳”目标实现的重要组成部分,对于推动绿色生产有着重要意义,如何有效分摊碳成本也成为关注的焦点之一。文章基于全生命周期理论,从运维检修和退役报废两个阶段开展电网设备碳足迹分析,并构建设备碳成本测算模型;借鉴输配电价定价机制分析碳成本的交叉补贴构成,并基于价差法对电网设备碳成本在工商业用户的分摊规模进行了核算;提出了基于平衡系数的不同工商业用户间的碳成本分摊方法。算例结果表明,不考虑交叉补贴情况下,10 kV用户分摊碳成本比例最高,占比41.67%。平衡系数的提出有助于政府部门有效分摊碳成本,从而验证了提出的输配电价测算方法的科学性和实用性。

Accelerating carbon footprint management is an important part of achieving the"dual carbon"target,and it is of great significance for promoting green production.How to effectively allocate carbon costs has also become one of the focuses of attention.This paper conducts a carbon footprint analysis of power grid equipment based on the whole life cycle theory,focusing on the operation and maintenance and retirement and scrapping stages,and constructs a carbon cost calculation model for equipment.By referring to the pricing mechanism of transmission and distribution electricity prices,the cross-subsidies of carbon costs are analyzed,and the allocation scale of carbon costs of power grid equipment among industrial and commercial users is calculated based on the price difference method.A carbon cost allocation method based on balance coefficient between different industrial and commercial users is proposed.The calculation results show that without considering cross-subsidies,10 kV users have the highest proportion of carbon cost allocation,accounting for 41.67%.The introduction of the balance coefficient helps government departments to effectively allocate carbon costs,thus verifying the scientific and practicality of the proposed transmission and distribution electricity price calculation method.