专业学位研究生学业评价制度的路径依赖与突破策略

Path Dependence and Breakthrough Strategies for the Academic Evaluation System of Professional Degree Graduate Students

专业学位研究生教育以培养高层次应用型人才为目标,为行业产业创新和实现关键技术突破提供人才支持。在路径依赖理论视角下,专业学位研究生学业评价存在既有学业评价制度的自我强化、学业评价制度运行的惯性、学业评价制度负效应的路径闭锁、评价者的观念及由此形成的主观抉择、学业评价制度改革“过渡期”的沿用等路径依赖。突破专业学位研究生学业评价路径依赖的策略是:克服既有制度的惯性,促进学生职业能力增值;削弱制度的自我强化,评价内容与社会需求契合;破除路径闭锁现象,及时反馈评价结果;突破单一主体依赖,支持多元主体参与学业评价;缩短改革“过渡期”,运用多样化的评价方法。

Professional degree graduate education aims to cultivate high-level applied talents and provide talent support for industry innovation and key technological breakthroughs.From the perspective of path dependence theory,there are path dependencies in the academic evaluation of professional degree graduate students,such as self reinforcement of existing academic evaluation systems,inertia in the operation of academic evaluation systems,path closure of negative effects of academic evaluation systems,evaluators’concepts and subjective choices formed by them,and the continued use of the“transitional period”of academic evaluation system reform.The strategy to break through the path dependence of academic evaluation for professional degree graduate students is to overcome the inertia of existing systems to promote the appreciation of students’vocational abilities,weaken the self reinforcement of the system to align the evaluation content with social needs,eliminate the phenomenon of path blockage to provide timely feedback on evaluation results,break through the dependence on a single subject to support the participation of multiple subjects in academic evaluation,and shorten the transition period of reform to use diversified evaluation methods.