有机肥在低碳农业中的作用及对土壤微生物的影响

农业生产活动是主要的温室气体排放源之一,通过改变农耕方式,特别是利用有机肥替代无机肥将碳储存在土壤中,能够减少温室气体排放,减缓全球变暖趋势,还能够改善土壤质量,推动农业绿色、健康、可持续发展。论述了有机肥在农业生产、施用过程中的节能减排效应,指出了有机肥在农业固碳中起到的促进作用,分析了有机肥如何通过改变土壤微生物群落结构、微生物丰富度、土壤酶活性而影响温室气体的排放量,以期为未来的研究和实践中达到更好的农业碳排放控制效果提供参考。

Agricultural activities are a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in China.By changing farming methods,especially the use of organic fertilizers instead of inorganic fertilizers to store carbon in the soil,it can not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming,but also improve soil quality and promote green,healthy and sustainable development of agriculture.This paper systematically discussed the energy-saving and emission reduction effects of organic fertilizer in the process of production and application,pointed out the promoting role of organic fertilizer in agricultural carbon sequestration,and analyzed how organic fertilizer affected greenhouse gas emissions by changing soil microbial community structure,microbial richness and soil enzyme activity.In order to provide reference for the future research and practice to achieve better agricultural carbon emission control effect.