EPC模式下装配式建筑成本影响因素识别及评价研究

Research on Identification and Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Cost of Prefabricated Buildings under EPC Mode

为解决施工总承包模式下装配式建筑总承包的控制问题,以广东省广州市某安置房小区EPC项目为研究对象,结合装配式建筑的生产阶段以及EPC总承包模式的全过程,识别生产采购、现场安装阶段的成本影响因素,基于SPSS20.0数学统计分析软件,采用百分位法对识别的生产采购成本、现场安装成本的影响因素进行评级和指标评分,评价装配式建筑的成本控制效果。研究结果表明,不同装配化率下装配式建筑各项综合单价中成本占比较高的为人工费和材料费,人工费占比约13%~19%,材料费占比约65%~75%。随着装配化的提高,材料费的成本占比不断提高,而其余各项的综合单价的成本占比则不断降低;采用装配式建筑成本增加的最明显分项为材料费用,装配式建筑单平米材料造价约为现浇式建筑的2倍,其次专业分包工程费的成本增加也较为明显。因此在EPC总承包模式中,应做好这两个分项的成本控制工作。

In order to solve the control problem of prefabricated building general contracting under the construction general contracting mode,the EPC project of a resettlement housing community in Guangzhou,Guangdong Province was taken as the research object.Combining the production stage of prefabricated buildings and the entire process of EPC general contracting mode,the cost influencing factors of production procurement and on-site installation stages were identified.Based on SPSS20.0 mathematical statistical analysis software,the identified factors affecting production procurement costs and on-site installation costs were rated and scored using the percentile method to evaluate the cost control effect of prefabricated buildings.The research results indicate that under different assembly rates,labor and material costs account for a relatively high proportion of the comprehensive unit price of prefabricated buildings,with labor costs accounting for about 13-19%and material costs accounting for about 65%-75%.With the improvement of assembly,the cost proportion of material expenses continues to increase,while the cost proportion of the comprehensive unit price of other items contin‐ues to decrease;The most obvious sub item that increases the cost of prefabricated buildings is mate‐rial costs.The material cost per square meter of prefabricated buildings is about twice that of cast-in-place buildings.Secondly,the cost of professional subcontracting projects also increases signifi‐cantly.Therefore,in the EPC general contracting mode,cost control for these two sub items should be done well.