面向应急环境的无线传感网生存性问题研究

Study on Survivability ofWireless Sensor Network for Emergency Environments

【背景】当前,无线传感网在各种应急场合中发挥的应急保障和抢险救援等作用日益凸显,同时应急环境下无线传感网的生存能力也面临诸多问题和挑战。【目的】为了能够延长网络生存时间和增强信息服务水平,需根据应急环境动态变化高效利用有限的系统资源,以充分发挥无线传感网的功效。基于网络生存性的目标需求,分析无线传感网在应急场景下的生存态势、服务要求和性能瓶颈,进而探讨应急环境下增强无线传感网生存性的若干关键技术及有效措施。【方法】首先,总结归纳应急环境下无线传感网的生存性特征和服务需求,全面分析应急环境下无线传感网生存性面临的诸多开放问题和技术挑战;然后,系统调研国内外无线传感网生存性相关研究工作。在此基础上,从网络体系架构、生存性增强技术和生存性评估方法三个方面出发,探讨应急环境下无线传感网进行高效组织、运行和维护涉及的一系列技术难题并给出可行的解决方案。【结论】网络生存性技术已成为无线传感网大规模部署应用的研究热点之一,本研究的工作重点关注复杂多变应急环境下通过高效利用网络资源和节点的自适应协调来确保无线传感网关键服务的按需提供,希望为应急场合下构建灵活、健壮的高生存性异构无线传感网提供有参考借鉴价值的解决思路。

[Background]Currently,wireless sensor networks play an increasingly prominent role in a variety of emergencies,such as emergency protection and rescue.However,the survivability of wireless sensor networks in the emergency environment also faces enormous problems and challenges.[Objective]In order to extend the network survival time and enhance the level of information services,it is necessary to efficiently utilize limited system resources according to the dynamic changes of the emergency environment,for fully utilizing the functions and effects of wireless sensor networks.Based on the target demand of network survivability,the survival status,service demand,and performance bottleneck of wireless sensor networks in emergency scenarios are analyzed,and then several key technologies and effective measures to enhance the survivability of wireless sensor networks in the emergency environment are explored.[Methods]Firstly,the survivability characteristics and service needs of wireless sensor networks in the emergency response environment are summarized,and open issues and technical challenges in survivability of wireless sensor networks in the emergency response environment are comprehensively analyzed.Secondly,the survivability-related research works on wireless sensor networks at home and abroad are investigated.On this basis,a number of technical problems for efficient organization,operation,and maintenance of the wireless sensor networks in the emergency environment are explored and feasible solutions are presented in terms of network architecture,survivability enhancement techniques,and survivability assessment methods.[Conclusions]Network survivability technology has become one of the research hotspots in the large-scale deployment and application of wireless sensor networks.This paper focuses on ensuring the on-demand provision of key services in wireless sensor networks through efficient resource utilization and adaptive allocation in the complex and ever-changing emergency environment.It is expected to provide valuable solutions to construction of flexible and robust heterogeneous wireless sensor networks with high survivability in emergency situations.