配种前后补饲对阿尔巴斯绒山羊产羔率及生产性能的影响

Effects of supplementary feeding before and after breeding on lambing rate and production performance of Albas cashmere goats

研究旨在进一步提高阿尔巴斯绒山羊的产羔率,提高养殖效益。选择阿尔巴斯绒山羊能繁成年母羊280只,随机分为4组,每组70只母羊。试验1组(A1组)和试验2组(A2组)均从配种前30 d开始补饲,直至配种后15 d补饲结束,每日归牧后每只补充0.4 kg高能精补料,共补饲60 d。对照1组(CK1组)、对照2组(CK2组)为全天自然放牧。A1组、CK1组从10月10日开始配种,A2组、CK2组从11月10日开始配种。预饲期5 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示:补饲可显著提高绒山羊能繁母羊的平均日增重(P<0.05),提高产羔率。其中,10月配种的A1组产羔率为163.37%,较CK1组提高了22.55%;所产单羔羔羊初生重提高0.33 kg,能繁母羊次年4月产绒量提高0.15 kg,抓绒后体重提高2.38 kg。研究表明,在绒山羊的最佳配种时间10月,配种前后短期优饲结合人工授精技术可提高阿尔巴斯绒山羊的产羔率及生产性能。

The aim of this study was to further increase the lambing rate of Albas cashmere goats and improve the breeding efficiency.A total of 280 Albas cashmere goats fertile adult ewes were randomly divided into four groups with 70 ewes in each group.Experimental group 1(Group A1)and group 2(Group A2)were supplemented from 30 days before breeding to 15 days after breeding,and each animal was supplemented with 0.4 kg of high-energy concentrate per day after grazing for a total of 60 days.Control group 1(CK1 group)and control group 2(CK2 group)were grazed naturally throughout the day.Groups A1 and CK1 started breeding on October 10,and groups A2 and CK2 started breeding on November 10.The pre-feeding period lasted for 5 days,and the formal experiment period lasted for 60 days.The results showed that supplementation could increase the average daily gain of ewe(P<0.05)and lambing rate.The lambing rate of group A1 in October was 163.37%,which was 22.55%higher than that of group CK1.The birth weight of the single lamb was increased by 0.33 kg,the cashmere yield of the ewes was increased by 0.15 kg in April of the following year,and the body weight after fleecing was increased by 2.38 kg.The study indictaed that short-term optimal feeding combined with artificial insemination could improve the lambing rate and performance of Albas cashmere goats at the optimum breeding time of 10 months.