PRRS流行病学与诊断检测技术研究进展

Research progress on epidemiology and diagnostic detection of PRRS

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的一种高度传染性疾病。近年来,PRRSV在传播过程中基因组变异与重组的现象也使该病的诊断和防控更加困难。因此,快速有效的检测方法对该病的预防和控制具有重要意义。随着PRRSV检测方法的相关研究不断深入,许多检测方法得到了改进和推广。实验室方法包括病毒分离鉴定、酶联免疫吸附试验、免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验、间接免疫荧光试验、聚合酶链反应、实时定量PCR、环介导等温扩增技术和重组酶聚合酶扩增技术等。文章通过对PRRS的病原学、流行病学以及遗传演化的介绍,总结近年来常用的诊断检测技术,以期为PRRS的防治提供参考。

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a highly infectious disease caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV).In recent years,the phenomenon of genomic variation and recombination during the transmission of PRRSV has also made the diagnosis and control of the disease more difficult.Therefore,rapid and effective detection methods are of great significance for the prevention and control of the disease.With the deepening of research on PRRSV detection methods,many detection methods have been improved and popularized.Laboratory methods include virus isolation and identification,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,immunoperoxidase monolayer cell assay,indirect immunofluorescence assay,polymerase chain reaction,real-time quantitative PCR,ring-mediated isothermal amplification and recombinant enzyme polymerase amplification.This article introduces the etiology,epidemiology and genetic evolution of PRRS,and summarizes the commonly used diagnostic detection techniques in recent years,in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of PRRS.