我国医疗机构输血科开展输血治疗的现状调查报告

Survey Report on Current Status of Transfusion Therapy in Transfusion Medicine Departments of Medical Institutions Across China

目的本调查研究旨在了解国内医疗机构输血科开展输血治疗的现状,探讨输血科开展输血治疗的发展方向。方法通过线上问卷调研法面向全国医疗机构输血科人员发放自行设计的调查问卷,对输血科开展输血治疗的情况进行调查分析。结果本次调查最终回收有效问卷482份,其中325份问卷的医疗机构输血科已经开展了输血治疗的业务,占比68.0%。开展输血治疗5年以上的输血科有186家(57.2%)。开展输血治疗的项目种类共计24种,其中开展单位数量较多的前三位治疗项目是自体全血采集(223,68.6%)、自体富血小板血浆采集(180,55.4%)和离心式血浆置换(125,38.5%)。50.5%的医疗机构输血科年均治疗量少于50人次,7.1%的医疗机构输血科年均治疗量超过1000人次。从事输血治疗的人员包括医师、技师和护士,其中医技组合占比最高为34.2%,医护组合占比仅为7.7%。参与调查的人员中认为输血科开展治疗最大的阻力和障碍是其他临床科室已开展相关治疗项目。结论目前各级医疗机构输血科在积极拓展输血治疗业务,但整体上还处在探索阶段,距形成标准化、规范化、规模化的输血治疗体系仍有较大差距。

Objective This survey aimed to explore the contemporary situation of transfusion therapy provided by transfusion medicine department of medical institutions in China,and to identify potential directions for its further development.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was distributed nationwide,utilizing an online survey methodology,targeting staff within transfusion medicine departments to gather insights on the current landscape of transfusion therapy.Results A total of 482 effective questionnaires were finally collected,and 68.0%(325)originated from transfusion medicine departments offering transfusion therapy.Of these departments,57.2%(186)had been administering such treatments for over 5 years.There were 24 transfusion therapy projects,with autologous whole blood(68.6%),autologous platelet-rich plasma(55.4%),and centrifugal plasma exchange(38.5%)being the three most prevalent.While 50.5%of transfusion medicine departments conducted fewer than 50 annual treatments annually,a notable 7.1%surpassed the 1000-treatment mark.The workforce involved in transfusion therapy comprised doctors,technicians,and nurses,with the doctor-technician combination accounting for the highest share(34.2%),but the doctor-nurse combination contributed only 7.7%.Participants highlighted the fragmentation of transfusion therapy projects across other clinical departments as the primary impediment to its further development.Conclusion Transfusion medicine departments of medical institutions are currently engaging in transfusion therapy with vigor and enthusiasm.However,the overall practice remains in an initial stage,falling short of establishing a standardized,institutionalized,and widespread transfusion therapy system.