难治性催乳素瘤的临床应对:石以砥焉,化钝为利

Clinical management of refractory prolactinomas:stone to sharpen yan,blunt for profit

垂体催乳素瘤是常见的垂体神经内分泌肿瘤,一般首选药物治疗,主要为多巴胺受体激动剂(DA)。大部分催乳素瘤患者对DA反应良好,然而,仍有少数患者对DA表现出抵抗性、耐药性。DA抵抗型难治性催乳素瘤临床少见,但其治疗极其困难,即使是药物治疗联合多次手术和放射治疗,也不能达到满意的疗效。因此,规范难治性催乳素瘤的诊疗流程和路径、探索更为有效的多学科协作治疗策略是目前亟待解决的难题。临床针对难治性催乳素瘤常需要综合患者情况,更换其他种类的DA,或考虑手术、放疗以及免疫治疗等,此过程需要多学科联合诊治。本文综合国内外最新文献,系统论述了难治性催乳素瘤的治疗药物、手术及放射治疗的最新进展,以期为难治性催乳素瘤的基础研究和临床诊治提供新的思路。

Refractory prolactinoma is the most common pituitary neuroendocrine tumor.Dopamine receptor agonists(DA)are the primary choice for drug treatment.Most patients with prolactinomas respond well to DA.However,a minority of prolactinomas patients still show resistance to DA.Although drug-resistant and refractory prolactinomas are rare in clinical practice,their treatment is extremely challenging.Even a combination of drug therapy,multiple surgeries,and radiotherapy may not yield satisfactory outcomes.Therefore,standardizing the diagnosis and treatment process and pathway for refractory prolactionmas and exploring more effective multidisciplinary collaborative treatment strategies are urgent problems to be solved.In the clinical management of refractory prolactinomas,it is often necessary to consider the patient's condition comprehensively,replace other types of DA,or consider surgery,radiotherapy,and immunotherapy,which requires multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment.This review synthesizes the latest literature at home and abroad to systematically discuss the latest advances in drug therapy,surgery,and radiotherapy treatments for refractory prolactionmas,aiming to provide new ideas for basic research,clinical diagnosis and treatment.