红细胞体积分布宽度变异系数和血清IL-11、IL-31在间质性肺疾病诊断中的应用价值

The clinical value of red blood cell volume distribution width coefficient of variation and serum IL-11 and IL-31 in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease

目的探讨红细胞体积分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV)和血清白细胞介素-11(IL-11)、IL-31在间质性肺疾病(ILD)诊断中的临床价值。方法前瞻性选取2022年11月-2023年10月在承德医学院附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院的46例ILD患者设为ILD组,40例社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者设为CAP组,以同期35名健康体检者作为对照组;其中ILD组依据临床诊断分为特发性间质性肺炎(IIP)亚组(n=30)、结缔组织病相关ILD(CTD-ILD)亚组(n=16)。记录各组的一般资料,检测各组RDW-CV和血清IL-11、IL-31水平;ILD组检测肺泡-动脉氧分压差(AaDO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2)),计算氧合指数(OI);分析RDW-CV和血清IL-11、IL-31水平与ILD病情严重程度的相关性,探讨上述指标在ILD临床诊断及不同类型ILD鉴别诊断中的价值。结果与对照组比较,ILD组、CAP组的年龄、性别、吸烟史、并发症等一般资料差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);ILD组的RDW-CV、中性粒细胞(NEUT)绝对值和血清IL-11、IL-31水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与CAP组比较,ILD组RDW-CV和血清IL-11、IL-31水平升高,血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示,ILD患者RDW-CV、血清IL-31与OI呈负相关(P<0.05),与AaDO_(2)呈正相关(P<0.05)。RDW-CV和血清IL-11、IL-31单项及联合应用诊断ILD的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.770、0.666、0.646、0.854(P<0.05)。血清IL-11鉴别诊断CTD-ILD和IIP的AUC为0.727(95%CI 0.580~0.874),敏感度为62.5%,特异度为73.3%(P<0.05)。结论RDW-CV和血清IL-31在评估ILD病情严重程度中有一定价值;RDW-CV和血清IL-11、IL-31诊断ILD有一定价值;血清IL-11鉴别诊断CTD-ILD与IIP有一定价值。

Objective To explore the clinical value of red blood cell volume distribution width coefficient of variation(RDW-CV),serum interleukin-11(IL-11)and interleukin-31(IL-31)in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease(ILD).Methods Prospectively selected 46 ILD patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University from November 2022 to October 2023 were set as ILD group,40 patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)as CAP group,and 35 healthy examiners as control group.The ILD group was further divided into idiopathic interstitial pneumonia(IIP)subgroup(n=30)and connective tissue disease-related ILD(CTD-ILD)subgroup(n=16)based on clinical diagnosis.General and clinical data of each group were recorded,and RDW-CV and serum IL-11 and IL-31 levels were detected in each group.The ILD group was tested for alveolar arterial oxygen pressure difference(AaDO_(2))and arterial blood oxygen pressure(PaO_(2)),and calculated the oxygenation index(OI).The correlation between the levels of RDW-CV,IL-11 and IL-31 and the severity of ILD were analyzed to explore the value of the above indicators in the clinical diagnosis of ILD and the differential diagnosis of different types of ILD.Results Compared with control group,there was no statistically significant difference in general information such as age,gender,smoking history,and complications between the ILD and CAP groups(P>0.05);RDW-CV,absolute values of neutrophil count(NEUT),and serum IL-11 and IL-31 levels in ILD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with CAP group,the levels of RDW-CV and serum IL-11,IL-31 in ILD group were increased,while the level of serum C-reactive protein(CRP)was decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Correlation analysis results showed that RDW-CV and serum IL-31 in ILD patients were negatively correlated with OI(P<0.05),and positively correlated with AaDO_(2)(P<0.05).The area under the ROC curves(AUC)of RDW-CV and serum IL-11,IL-31 single and combined applications for diagnosing ILD were 0.770,0.666,0.646,and 0.854,respectively(P<0.05).The AUC of serum IL-11 for differential diagnosis of CTD-ILD and IIP was 0.727(95%CI 0.580-0.874),with sensitivity of 62.5%and specificity of 73.3%(P<0.05).Conclusions RDW-CV and serum IL-31 have certain value in assessing the severity of ILD.RDW-CV and serum IL-11 and IL-31 have certain value in the diagnosis of ILD.Serum IL-11 has certain value in the differential diagnosis between CTD-ILD and IIP.