基于测量的盲量子计算研究进展

Research Progress of Measurement-Based Blind Quantum Computation

量子计算机具有广阔的前景和发展潜力,但其物理实现目前面临巨大挑战。基于测量的盲量子计算,由于其允许量子能力有限甚至没有量子能力的普通用户,可通过借助远程量子服务器,使用基于测量的量子计算模型完成计算任务,并保证其数据、算法和结果的私密性。因此,这种委托量子计算的方式将成为未来普通用户共享量子计算资源的一种重要应用模式。基于此,阐述了基于测量的量子计算模型包括的两种常用资源态—簇态和图态,以及测量模式的定义和形式化描述;分析了基于测量的盲量子计算的基本原理,包括通用资源态—Brickwork态的构造、盲量子计算测量模式和通用盲量子计算协议;梳理了解决基于测量的盲量子计算根本问题的不同技术路线和实验成果;探讨了其未来的发展方向。

With broad prospects and development potential,quantum computers currently faces enormous challenges in their physical implementation.Measurement-based blind quantum computing allows ordinary users with limited or no quantum capabilities to complete computing tasks using measurement based quantum computing models through remote quantum servers,while ensuring the privacy of their data,algorithms,and results.Therefore,this proposed method of entrusting quantum computing becomes an important application model for ordinary users to share quantum computing resources in the future.On basis of this,the measurement based quantum computing model includes two universal resource states-cluster state and graph state,as well as the definition and formal description of measurement modes,followed by an analysis of the basic principles of measurement-based blind quantum computing,including the construction of a universal resource state Brickwork state,blind quantum computing measurement mode,and universal blind quantum computing protocol,with a summary of different technical approaches and experimental results for the solution of the fundamental problem of measurement based blind quantum computing,as well as an inquiry into its future development direction.