维谢格拉德集团四国“入盟”20年政治和经济发展探析

Analysis of Political and Economic Development of the Visegrad Four during Its 20 Years'Accession to the EU

2004年5月1日,中欧地区维谢格拉德集团四国捷克、斯洛伐克、波兰和匈牙利在第一波欧盟东扩中同时加入该组织。加入欧盟是维谢格拉德集团四国制度转型进程中最重要的事件,它将四国锚定在西方政治和经济结构中。该文首先介绍2004~2024年欧盟经历的一系列危机和采取的诸多改革措施,这是维谢格拉德集团四国政治和经济发展的国际背景和外部影响因素;接着讨论四国加入欧盟20年来的政治发展,涉及政府更迭、政党制度和在欧盟地位的变化,分析四国政治发展变化的特殊性与普遍性;最后探讨四国加入欧盟后在经济领域取得的成就及面临的挑战。

May 1,2004 witnessed the accession of Czech,Slovak,Poland,and Hungary,the Visegrad Group Four in Central Europe,to the EU.The most significant event in the process of the institutional transition of the Four,the accession has anchored the group of countries in the western political and economic structure.Introducing a series of crisis the EU experienced over the period 2004-2024 and reform measures it implemented,this paper discusses the political development involving government changes,political party regimes,and changes in their status within the EU,analyses special and general natures of political changes and the economic performances of the four countries along with the challenges they faced over the twenty years of their EU accession.