膝关节置换术后两种脚垫使用方法对疼痛影响的评估探讨

Evaluation of the effect of two foot pad methods on pain after knee arthroplasty

目的 探讨膝关节置换术后两种脚垫使用方法对患者术后疼痛及康复的影响.方法 将2022年6月-2023年12月我院接受膝关节置换术患者92例(92膝)分为两组,即观察组(腘后实垫法)和对照组(腘后悬空法),其他治疗及康复方法相同,而后观察术后膝关节活动度、血栓、止痛效果.结果 观察组疼痛发生率20.83%,明显低于对照组的38.18%,两组比较,差异显著(P<0.05);利用配对t检验疼痛次数结果显示:观察组总止痛次数和对照组总止痛次数之间差异显著(t=-2.378,P=0.022),具有统计学意义;利用配对t检验发生血栓人数结果显示:观察组发生血栓人数平均值为0.25,标准差为0.44,对照组发生血栓人数平均值为0.27,标准差为0.45,两组发生血栓人数没有呈现出差异性(P>0.05).结论 腘后实垫法可使患膝完全处于放松状态,相较于腘后悬空法患者疼痛程度较轻,肌肉组织得到了休养,从而有利于康复.

Objective To explore the effects of two different foot pad usage methods on postoperative pain and recovery in patients after knee joint replacement surgery.Methods A total of 92 patients(92 knees)who underwent knee replacement surgery at the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023 were divided into two groups:an observation group(popliteal posterior solid pad method)and a control group(popliteal posterior suspension method).Other treatment and rehabilitation methods were the same,and postoperative knee joint range of motion,thrombosis,and pain relief were observed.Results The incidence of pain in the observation group was 20.83%,significantly lower than that in the control group(38.18%),and the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.05);the results of paired t-test on pain frequency showed that there was a significant difference(t=-2.378,P=0.022)between the total pain frequency of the observation group and the control group,indicating statistical significance;the results of paired t-test showed that the average number of thrombosis cases in the observation group was 0.25 with a standard deviation of 0.44,while the average number of thrombosis cases in the control group was 0.27 with a standard deviation of 0.45.There was no significant difference in the number of thrombosis cases between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The method of placing a solid pad behind the knee joint can completely relax the affected knee,reduce postoperative pain compared to the method of hanging the pad behind the knee joint,allow muscle tissue to rest,and have a relieving effect on pain,which is beneficial for rehabilitation.