老年人口腔衰弱患病率的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Oral Frailty in Older Adults

目的 系统评估老年人口腔衰弱的患病率。方法 检索中国知网、维普网、万方医学网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库有关老年人口腔衰弱发生现状的观察性研究。检索时间为建库至2023-06-20。2名研究人员根据纳入和排除标准独立筛选文献、进行质量评价和提取相关数据,用Stata 14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入15项研究,总样本量为12 979例,其中口腔衰弱老年人3 696例。Meta分析结果显示,老年人口腔衰弱的患病率为28%(95%CI:0.21,0.35)。亚组分析结果显示,女性34%(95%CI:0.25,0.44),住院治疗39%(95%CI:0.23,0.55),样本量≤500 32%(95%CI:0.19,0.44),不吸烟35%(95%CI:0.1,0.6),不喝酒37%(95%CI:0.17,0.57),有慢性病44%(95%CI:0.35,0.54),无配偶56%(95%CI:0.42,0.71),身体衰弱41%(95%CI:0.001,0.82)的老年人口腔衰弱患病率更高。结论 老年人口腔衰弱患病率较高,其中女性、住院治疗、不饮酒、不吸烟、患慢性病、无配偶、身体衰弱的老年人发生口腔衰弱风险更高。应重视老年人口腔衰弱早期筛查和评估,提供口腔保健指导,预防口腔衰弱的发生发展,实现健康老龄化。

Objective To systematically assess the prevalence of oral frailty in older adults.Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science for observational studies on the prevalence of oral frailty in older adults.The search covered literature from the inception of the databases until June 20,2023.Two researchers independently screened the literature,performed quality assessments,extracted relevant data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed a Meta-analysis using Stata 14.0 software.Results A total of 15 studies were included,comprising 12,979 participants,of which 3,696 were older adults with oral frailty.Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of oral frailty in older adults was 28%(95%CI:0.21,0.35).Subgroup analyses indicated a higher prevalence of oral frailty among older adults who were female 34%(95%CI:0.25,0.44),hospitalized 39%(95%CI:0.23,0.55),had a sample size of ≤500 32%(95%CI:0.19,0.44),non-smokers 35%(95%CI:0.1,0.6),non-drinkers 37%(95%CI:0.17,0.57),had a chronic disease 44%(95%CI:0.35,0.54),without a spouse 56%(95%CI:0.42,0.71) and frail 41%(95%CI:0.001,0.82).Conclusion The prevalence of oral frailty is higher in older adults,with increased risk factors associated with being female,hospitalized,non-drinkers,non-smokers,having chronic diseases,being without a spouse,and exhibiting frailty.There is a critical need for early screening and assessment of oral frailty in older adults,along with guidance on oral health care to prevent the progression of oral frailty and promote healthy aging.