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农药在动物中的代谢转化研究进展

Research progress on metabolic transformation of pesticides in animals
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摘要 农药的广泛应用导致人类和其他动物直接或间接暴露于农药,农药经口、皮肤或呼吸系统进入动物体内后,其母体及生成的有毒代谢产物可对动物内分泌等方面产生负面影响。农药在动物中的代谢转化过程主要分为2个阶段:初级代谢(Ⅰ相)和次级代谢(Ⅱ相)。Ⅰ相代谢主要是通过细胞色素P450酶系等参与的过程,包括氧化、水解和还原等反应;Ⅱ相代谢则是在谷胱甘肽转移酶等参与下,Ⅰ相代谢产物(或母体)与内源物质结合的轭合反应。明确农药在动物中的代谢转化行为对准确评估其安全性及安全使用具有重要意义。文章综述了农药在动物中的代谢转化过程、影响因素及代谢转化的研究方法,分析了农药在动物中代谢存在的潜在风险,以期为农药合理应用、准确评估及控制农药对非靶标动物的健康风险提供参考。 The wide application of pesticides leads to direct or indirect exposure of humans and other animals to pesticides.After pesticides enter the animal body through the mouth,skin or respiratory system,their mothers and toxic metabolites can have a negative impact on animal endocrine and other aspects.The metabolic transformation process of pesticides in animals is mainly divided into two stages:primary metabolism(phase I) and secondary metabolism(phase I).Phase I metabolism is mainly through the process of cytochrome P450 enzyme system,including oxidation,hydrolysis and reduction.Phase II metabolism is a conjugation reaction between phase I metabolites(or original pesticide)and endogenous substances with the participation of glutathione transferase.It is important to understand the metabolic transformation behavior of pesticides in animals for accurate risk assessment and safe use of pesticides.The metabolic transformation process,influencing factors and research methods of metabolic transformation of pesticides in animals,as well as the potential risks of pesticide metabolism in animals was reviewed in this paper,in order to provide references for rational application of pesticides,accurate assessment and control of pesticide health risks to non-target animals.
作者 郭稳稳 刘婷婷 郭璐瑶 刘佳悦 李远播 李如男 GUO Wenwen;LIU Tingting;GUO Luyao;LIU Jiayue;LI Yuanbo;LI Runan(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)
出处 《现代农药》 CAS 2024年第6期23-30,41,共9页 MODERN AGROCHEMICALS
关键词 农药 代谢转化 动物 影响因素 研究方法 pesticide metabolic transformation animal influencing factor research method
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