无人船技术发展现状及其在渔业中的应用

Current status of development and application of unmanned vessel technology in fisheries:a review

无人船是能够在多种水域完成自主执行任务的平台。随着人工智能、自动避碰,以及无人导航等技术的发展,无人船的应用越来越广泛,尤其是在渔业领域扮演着越来越重要的角色,是自动驾驶技术在水域环境中应用的重要形式之一。本文介绍了无人船的关键技术,主要包括环境感知、路径规划、目标分析和编队控制技术,并分析了无人船在渔业领域中的主要应用。尽管无人船技术展现出巨大潜力,但也面临释放回收困难、环境适应性差、远距离探测受限和成本较高等挑战。随着技术进步,无人船有望成为渔业资源调查及渔业相关作业的重要工具,并在渔业资源管理现代化方面发挥重要作用。

With the development of artificial intelligence,automatic collision avoidance,and unmanned navigation technologies,unmanned vessels are being used more and more widely,especially in the fishery field,which plays an increasingly important role.The key technologies of unmanned vessels are introduced,mainly including environment sensing,path planning,target analysis and formation control technology,and main applications of unmanned vessels in the fishery field are analyzed.Unmanned vessel technology is also challenged by many problems including difficulty in release and recovery,poor environmental adaptability,limited longrange detection and high cost,although unmanned vessel technology shows great potential.Finally,the future development trend and research direction of unmanned vessels are discussed.With technological progress,unmanned vessels are expected to become an important tool for fishery resources investigation and management.