奥马珠单抗治疗儿童及青少年中重度难治性过敏性哮喘的临床效果及对肺功能、炎性因子和生活质量的影响

Clinical effect of omalizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe refractory allergic asthma in children and adolescents and its influences on lung function,inflammatory factors and quality of life

目的分析奥马珠单抗治疗儿童及青少年中重度难治性过敏性哮喘的临床效果。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月本院收治的76例儿童及青少年中重度难治性过敏性哮喘患儿作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同将其分为对照组(n=36)和研究组(n=40)。对照组给予布地奈德福莫特罗+孟鲁司特钠治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合奥马珠单抗治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,研究组的第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV_(1)%pred)、第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量的比值(FEV_(1)/FVC)及呼气峰流速(PEF)高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组的呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数及总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组的哮喘症状评分低于对照组,儿童哮喘生命质量调查问卷(PAQLQ)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的临床控制效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论奥马珠单抗治疗儿童及青少年中重度难治性过敏性哮喘的临床效果显著,可减轻气道炎性症状,改善肺功能,提高生活质量,且安全性高。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of omalizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe refractory allergic asthma in children and adolescents.Methods A total of 76 children and adolescents with moderate to severe refractory allergic asthma admitted in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects.According to different treatment methods,the children and adolescents were divided into control group(n=36)and study group(n=40).The control group was treated with budesonide formoterol+montelukast sodium,and the study group was treated with omalizumab on the basis of the control group.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the forced expiratory volume in one second as a percentage of the expected value(FEV_(1)%pred),forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity(FEV_(1)/FVC)and peak expiratory flow(PEF)in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),eosinophils(EOS)count and total immunoglobulin E(IgE)in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the asthma symptom score in the study group was lower than that of the control group,and the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire(PAQLQ)score was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The clinical control effect in the study group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Omalizumab has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of moderate to severe refractory allergic asthma in children and adolescents.It can reduce the inflammatory symptoms of the airway,improve the lung function and quality of life,and has high safety.