2019-2023年襄阳某院血培养标本病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

Distribution and antibiotic resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture specimens from a certain hospital in Xiangyang from 2019 to 2023

目的分析探讨2019-2023年间襄阳市襄州地区血培养标本病原菌分布及其耐药性变迁。以指导临床血流感染病原菌的防控及临床合理用药。方法收集2019-2023年间血培养标本中分离的非重复菌株,采用DL-96A进行检测细菌种类及药物的敏感试验。通过WHONET5.6软件对数据进行分析。结果临床血流感染分离菌株共511株,其中革兰阴性菌407株(79.65%),革兰阳性菌98株(19.18%),真菌6株(1.17%)。排名前五位的病原菌分别是大肠埃希菌234株(45.79%)、肺炎克雷伯菌68株(13.31%)、金黄色葡萄球菌39株(7.63%)、阴沟肠杆菌22株(4.31%)、铜绿假单胞菌16株(3.13%)。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高(83.76%),肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢唑林耐药率最高(30.88%),金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G耐药率最高(92.31%)。结论该院血流感染以大肠埃希菌为主,未发现对碳青霉烯类药物耐药的革兰阴性杆菌,以及对万古霉素耐药的革兰阳性球菌。了解血流感染病原菌的分布及耐药性对指导抗菌药物的选择至关重要。

Objective To analyze and explore the distribution and antibiotic resistance changes of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture specimens in Xiangzhou area of Xiangyang City from 2019 to 2023.To guide the prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria in clinical bloodstream infections and the rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Methods Non repetitive bacterial strains isolated from blood culture specimens from 2019 to 2023 were collected,and DL-96A was used for sensitivity testing of bacterial species and drugs.Analyze the data using WHONET5.6 software.Results A total of 511 clinical bloodstream infection strains were isolated,including 407 Gram negative bacteria(79.65%),98 Gram positive bacteria(19.18%),and 6 fungi(1.17%).The top five pathogenic bacteria ranked were 234 strains of Escherichia coli(45.79%),68 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae(13.31%),39 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(7.63%),22 strains of Enterobacter cloacae(4.31%),and 16 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(3.13%).Escherichia coli has the highest resistance rate to ampicillin(83.76%),Klebsiella pneumoniae has the highest resistance rate to cefazolin(30.88%),and Staphylococcus aureus has the highest resistance rate to penicillin G(92.31%).Conclusion The bloodstream infection in this hospital is mainly caused by Escherichia coli,and no Gram negative bacteria resistant to carbapenems or Gram positive cocci resistant to vancomycin have been found.Understanding the distribution and resistance of pathogenic bacteria in bloodstream infections is crucial for guiding the selection of antibiotics.