2015—2023年浙江省天台县生活性农药中毒的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in daily life in Tiantai County,Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2023

【目的】分析2015—2023年浙江省天台县生活性农药中毒的流行病学特征及中毒相关因素,为防控生活性农药中毒提供依据。【方法】通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统的职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统收集农药中毒资料,通过浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统收集死亡数据,对中毒发生率及病死率进行分析。【结果】2015—2023年天台县生活性农药中毒累计报告439例,主要集中在二季度,年均发病率为10.62/10万,病死率为14.81%。<15岁组的中毒原因主要为生活性误服,≥15岁组主要为生活性自服,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=103.518,P<0.001)。城区生活性农药中毒年平均发病率低于乡镇(χ^(2)=30.871,P<0.001)。生活性农药中毒种类主要为杀虫剂(65.15%),百草枯病死率最高(47.73%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄和农药中毒种类可能是生活性农药中毒病死率的影响因素。【结论】天台县生活性农药中毒历年均有发生,主要发生在夏季、乡镇地区,除<15岁人群主要为误服外,其余人群以自服为主,高年龄和除草剂使用者应作为重点干预对象。建议分年龄、分季节、分地区、分种类,采取个性化防治措施进行干预,降低生活性农药中毒的发生率及病死率,加强自杀未遂病例的心理干预。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of pesticide poisoning occurred in daily life in Tiantai County,Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2023,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.[Methods]The information of pesticide poisoning cases was obtained from the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,death data was obtained from the Zhejiang Province Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management System,so that the poisoning incidence rate and the fatality rate were analyzed.[Results]A total of 439 cases of pesticide poisoning occurred in life were reported in Tiantai County from 2015 to 2023,of which mainly concentrated in the second quarter of each year,with an average annual incidence rate of 10.62/105 and fatality rate of 14.81%.The main cause of poisoning in<15 years old group was accidental ingestion,while the main cause in≥15 years old group was self-poisoning,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=103.518,P<0.001).The average annual incidence of pesticide poisoning occurred in life in the urban area was significantly lower than that in the rural area,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=30.871,P<0.001).The main types of pesticide poisoning were insecticides(65.15%),and paraquat had the highest fatality rate(47.73%).The results of binary logistic regression analysis indicated that age and types of pesticide poisoning may be the independent risk factors affecting the fatality of pesticide poisoning in daily life.[Conclusion]Pesticide poisoning occurred frequently in Tiantai County over the years,and mainly occurred in summer,rural areas.Except for<15 years old group who were accidental ingestion,the other cases were mainly self-poisoning.The elderly and herbicide users should be the focus of key intervention targets.It is suggested to take personalized preventive and curative measures to intervene by age,seasons,regions and types to reduce the incidence and fatality rate of pesticide poisoning in daily life,and strengthen psychological health interventions to the cases of attempting to suicide.