Surface Pressure Loading Technology of Ship Structures

船舶结构表面载荷加载技术研究

A hull structure is prone to local deformation and damage due to the pressure load on the surface.How to simulate surface pressure is an important issue in ship structure test.The loading mode of hydraulic actuator combined with high-pressure flexible bladder was proposed,and the numerical model of the loading device based on flexible bladder was established.The design and analysis method of high-pressure flexible bladder based on aramid-fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane was proposed to break through the surface pressure loading technology of ship structures.The surface pressure loading system based on flexible bladder was developed.The ultimate strength verification test of the box girder under the combined action of bending moment and pressure was carried out to systematically verify the feasibility and applicability of the loading system.The results show that the surface pressure loading technology can be used well for applying uniform pressure to ship structures.Compared with the traditional surface loading methods,the improved device can be applied with horizontal constant pressure load,with rapid response and safe process,and the pressure load is always stable with the increase of the bending moment load during the test.The requirement for uniform loading in the comprehensive strength test of large structural models is satisfied and the accuracy of the test results is improved by this system.

表面压力载荷易引起船体结构局部变形和损伤,如何模拟表面载荷加载一直是船舶结构试验技术领域中亟待解 决的问题。本文提出“液压作动器+高压柔性液囊”的加载模式,建立加载装置数值模型,形成基于芳纶纤维增强热塑性 聚氨酯的高压柔性液囊结构设计与分析方法,突破船舶结构表面载荷加载技术,研制一种基于高压柔性液囊的表面载 荷加载系统,并开展弯矩和表面压力联合作用下箱型梁模型极限强度验证试验,系统验证加载系统的可行性和适用性。 结果表明,采用表面载荷加载技术能对船体结构较好地施加均布压力,相较于传统重物堆载法,该方法可实现卧式恒压 力全自动加载,载荷响应迅速,加载过程安全,且试验过程中随着弯矩载荷的提升表面压力载荷始终稳定,可很好地满 足大尺度结构模型强度综合试验均布载荷加载的要求,提高试验结果的准确性。