农业文化遗产的生态价值探析——以“湖南永顺油茶林农复合系统”为例

An Analysis of the Ecological Value of Agricultural Cultural Heritage: A Case Study of Complex System of Camellia Forest and Agriculture in Yongshun Hunan Province

近年来,生态环境问题已经成为世界各国亟需解决的焦点问题,保护生态环境、加强生态文明建设刻不容缓且任重道远。深入挖掘和运用农业文化遗产中的生态智慧有助于从更高站位、更宽视野、更大力度推进生态文明建设。为探究农业文化遗产的生态价值,基于广泛而深入的田野调查和深度访谈,从生态民族学视角对中国重要农业文化遗产“湖南永顺油茶林农复合系统”开展研究。研究发现:该农业文化遗产具有保护生物多样性和生态系统服务功能的生态价值。因此,需坚持传承保护的原则,对农业文化遗产进行动态整体性保护,还要坚持可持续发展的原则,活化利用农业文化遗产中的生态智慧。

In recent years,ecological and environmental issues have become focal problems that countries around the world urgently need to address.Protecting the ecological environment and strengthening ecological development are tasks that cannot be delayed and require long-term commitment.A deep exploration and the ecological wisdom contained in agricultural cultural heritage contribute to advance ecological development from a higher standpoint,a broader perspective,and with greater efforts.To explore the ecological value of agricultural cultural heritage,this paper investigates Yongshun Camellia Forest-Agriculture Composite System in Hunan,an important piece of agricultural cultural heritage,through extensive and in-depth field surveys and interviews from the perspective of ecological ethnology.It is found that this agricultural cultural heritage has ecological value in protecting biodiversity and ecosystem services.Therefore,we must adhere to the principle of inheritance and protection,dynamically and holistically protect agricultural cultural heritage,and also adhere to the principle of sustainable development to revitalize and utilize the ecological wisdom within agricultural cultural heritage.