论新诗格律及其建行问题

On Materialization and Line Construction of New Poetry

从古诗句式发展演化的宏观视野探讨新诗建行问题,探本溯源,能够揭示新诗诗行的美学特点。古诗由四言到五言再到七言,三种主要句式是基于音节的组合而演变转化的。四言诗句声气节奏为二二,五言为二三,七言为二二三,声气节奏与意义节奏存在不一致的情况。新诗格律化的讨论,是新诗形式美的理论自觉,其中亦有对古诗形式美学的借镜。但以相同字数或顿数的句式构成结构整齐统一的新格律要求,忽视了新诗句式本身的形式特点及其包容力,难以成为一种具有普遍约束力的诗体。新诗具有音节组合更加自由多样、句式形式灵活的特点,这既是诗歌发展史的必然趋势,也得到现代心理学理论的支持。新诗是不同句式的自由组合,容纳的情性更丰富、更复杂、更广博,形式意味也更多姿多彩。

From a macro perspective of the development and evolution of ancient poetry,the line construction of new poetry can be explored to reveal the aesthetic characteristics of new poetry.Ancient poems evolved from four to five characters,and then to seven characters.The three main sentence patterns evolved based on the combination of syllables.Within a certain sentence length,the same number of steps can be accommodated to form a certain rhythm.Different sentence patterns have different forms and meanings.The discussion of the materialization of new poetry reflects a theoretical consciousness of new poetry with reference to the formal aesthetics of ancient poetry.However,the necessity of a new structure with a uniform sentence structure constitutes a neat and unified new rule.It ignores the formal characteristics and tolerance of the new poetry sentence structure itself and cannot become a universally binding poetry style.The syllable combinations of the new poems are freer and more diverse,forming a sentence pattern with different characters.A new poem is a free combination of different sentences,resulting in richer,more complex,and more extensive sentiments and more colorful forms.