摘要
为探讨不同引进群体和养殖群体大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)的外部形态特征,采用基于地标点的几何形态测量学方法,对来自冰岛、丹麦、法国、智利4个大菱鲆引进群体和日照、威海2个大菱鲆养殖群体的形态进行了比较分析,使用TPS系列软件及Morpho J软件完成了基于30个地标点的主成分分析、典型变量分析、判别分析及结果可视化。主成分分析显示,第1、2、3主成分分别解释了总变异的25.59%、16.98%和10.50%,三者累计贡献率为53.07%,不同群体重叠分布。典型变量分析显示,第1、2典型变量分别占总体变异的55.80%和19.20%,累计贡献率为75%,除2个养殖群体出现重叠外,其他群体之间形态均差异显著,此外,2个养殖群体之间的马氏距离和普氏距离均最短。由不同地标点在相对扭曲中的贡献率可知,Ⅰ型地标点9,Ⅱ型地标点12、8、4、5贡献率较大,合计贡献率达70.52%,结合网格变形图进行分析,发现大菱鲆群体的形态变异主要表现在颌部及鳃峡部。根据逐步判别分析和交互验证分析的结果,大菱鲆不同群体的总体判别准确率分别为94.40%和91.70%,几何形态学测量法能有效识别不同大菱鲆群体。研究结果表明,大菱鲆各引进群体之间、引进群体和养殖群体之间均存在显著的形态差异,并且养殖群体外部形态存在趋同现象,因此,建议将各引进群体隔离保存,并定期开展大菱鲆引进亲鱼的补充、更新及复壮工作。
To explore the external morphological characteristics of Scophthalmus maximus from different introduced and cultured populations with geometric morphometric method basing on landmarks.The morphological characteristics of S.maximus from Iceland,Denmark,France,Chile(four introduced groups)and Rizhao,Weihai(two cultured groups)were compared and analyzed.The principal component,canonical variable,discriminant analyses were completed and visualized using TPS series software and Morpho J software according to 30 landmarks.The results of principal component analysis showed that the first,second and third principal components explain 25.59%,16.98%and 10.50%of the total variation,respectively,with a cumulative contribution rate of 53.07%.The different populations distributed in an overlapping manner.However,the results of canonical variable analysis showed that the first and second canonical variables account for 55.80%and 19.20%of the total,respectively,with a cumulative contribution rate of 75%.Except for the two cultured populations,other populations were significantly different from each other.From the Mahalanobis and Phisical distances,it can be seen that the distance between two cultured populations is the shortest.The contribution rate of different landmarks in relative distortion showed that the contribution rates of typeⅠlandmark 9 and typeⅡlandmarks 12,8,4,5 were relatively large,with a total contribution rate of 70.52%.Combined with the grid deformation map,it was found that the morphological variation of turbot populations mainly occurs in the jaws and gill arches.The overall discrimination accuracy rate of stepwise discriminant analysis and cross-validation analysis was 94.40%and 91.70%,respectively,which can effectively distinguish S.maximus populations.We found also that there are significant morphological differences between introduced and cultured populations.The external morphology of cultured population showed a convergence phenomenon.It is recommended that each introduced population should be preserved independently,and the introduction of parent fish should be regularly supplemented,updated and reinforced.
作者
刘莹
于超勇
赵文溪
王英俊
侯富晟
邹琰
Liu Ying;Yu Chaoyong;Zhao Wenxi;Wang Yingjun;Hou Fusheng;Zou Yan(Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province,Qingdao 266104,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Marine Ranch(under preparation),Qingdao 266104,China;Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Germplasm Resources of Qingdao,Qingdao 266104,China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第1期66-75,共10页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
山东省鱼类产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-12)
山东省农业良种工程项目(2021LZGC027)资助。
关键词
大菱鲆
几何形态测量学
地标点法
形态差异
群体识别
Scophthalmus maximus
geometric morphometrics
landmark method
morphological variation
population identification