口腔按摩运动干预对早产儿经口喂养效率及口腔功能的影响分析

Analysis on the effect of oral massage and exercise intervention on the efficiency of oral feeding and oral function of preterm infants

目的探讨口腔按摩运动干预对早产儿经口喂养效率及口腔功能的影响。方法选择2022年10月至2023年10月于厦门市妇幼保健院出生的早产儿80例作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组早产儿采取常规干预;观察组早产儿在对照组基础上联合口腔按摩运动干预,比较两组早产儿干预前后口腔功能、摄入奶量比、喂养效率、不同阶段体重变化以及喂养不良发生情况。结果护理前两组早产儿口腔功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后3、7、10 d观察组早产儿口腔功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿开始经口、完全经口喂养时摄入奶量比、喂养效率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿完全经口喂养体重、出院时体重以及每日增长体重均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿喂养不良总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早产儿通过开展口腔按摩运动干预能够有效提高经口喂养的效率,改善其口腔功能,促进体重的增长,值得借鉴。

Objective To investigate the effects of oral massage and exercise intervention on the efficiency of oral feeding and oral function of preterm infants.Methods A total of 80 preterm infants born in Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected for the study.They were divided into two groups by random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.Preterm infants in the control group were treated with conventional intervention.Preterm infants in the observation group were treated with combined oral massage and exercise intervention on the basis of the control group.Comparison of oral function before and after intervention,milk intake ratio,feeding efficiency,change in weight at different stages,and incidence of feeding malpractice in preterm infants in both groups.Results Comparison of the oral function scores of preterm infants in the two groups before nursing care,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The oral function scores of preterm infants in the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 3,7 and 10 d after nursing care,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The milk intake ratio and feeding efficiency of preterm infants in the observation group at the beginning of oral and complete oral feeding were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The weight of preterm infants in the observation group who were completely orally fed,their weight at discharge and their daily weight gain were all higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of preterm infants with poor feeding in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral massage and exercise intervention can effectively increase the efficiency of oral feeding in preterm infants,improve their oral function,and promote weight gain which is worth learning.