乌申斯基劳动教育思想对我国新时代劳动教育的启示

Implications of Ushinsky's Thoughts on Labor Education for China’s Labor Education in the New Era

乌申斯基认为劳动教育是一种人道主义教育,劳动既是教育目的,也是教育内容和教育手段。乌申斯基阐明的劳动教育内涵有助于我国新时代劳动教育体系建设树立正确的理念,具体包括:将价值性功能作为劳动教育的首要目的;发挥劳动教育的融合剂作用以建构“五育融合”全人教育体系;采用显性与隐性相结合的劳动课程体系。乌申斯基揭示了劳动的自由性、矛盾性、精神性、集体性和习惯性。为了实现劳动的育人功能,我国新时代的劳动教育必须遵从劳动的内在属性,通过多元化的方式和途径,让学生自由地、严肃地、熟练地从事劳动。

Ushinsky believes that labor education is humanitarian education.Labor is not only the purpose of education,but also the content and means of education.The connotation of labor education expounded by Ushinsky helps to establish the correct concept for the construction of my country's labor education system in the New Era:taking value functions as the primary purpose of labor education;giving full play to the role of labor education as an integrator to build the“educating five domains simultaneously”Holistic education system;adopting a labor curriculum system that combines explicit and implicit aspects.Ushinsky revealed the freedom,contradiction,spirituality,collectiveness and habituality of labor.In order to realize the educational function of labor,we must follow the inherent attributes of labor and allow students to engage in labor freely,seriously,and skillfully through diversified methods and approaches.