表演类文化遗产的两种发展模式研究——基于南派遂溪醒狮与北派小相狮舞的对比

Research on the Two Development Modes of Performance Cultural Heritage——Based on the Comparison of the Southern Suixi Waking Lion and the Northern Xiaoxiang Lion Dance

“遂溪醒狮”和“小相狮舞”作为表演类文化遗产两种不同业态的发展模式,在表演风格、形态等方面均不相同。文章对南派遂溪醒狮和北派小相狮舞的文化经济空间模态进行对比研究,发现两者在本体结构、外在结构和文化、经济互构方面具有明显的差异。前者成功构建了以竞技化和市场化为核心的自扩模式与成长轨迹;而后者依旧保持着以传承人为核心的艺术化与商业化的自生结构。在实现文化遗产价值资源化的发展中,对待文化特质的“转码”“保真”“重塑”三种路径的不同审美认知,直接影响着狮舞的发展模态,分别呈现出内源型产业化发展模式和展演型衍原生态发展模式。

As two different development modes of performance cultural heritage,“Suixi Waking Lion”and“Xiaoxiang Lion Dance”are different in both performance styles and forms.This article conducts a comparative study on the cultural and economic spatial modes of the Southern Suixi Waking Lion and the Northern Xiaoxiang Lion Dance,and finds that there are obvious differences between them in the ontological structure,external structure and mutual construction of culture and economy.The former has successfully built a self-expanding mode and growth trajectory with the core of competitiveness and marketization.However,the latter still maintains the spontaneous formation structure and development path of art and commercialization with inheritors as the core.It is obvious that economic development is actually a cultural process.In the development of cultural heritage value as resources,the different aesthetic perceptions of the three paths of“transformation”,“fidelity”and“reshaping”of cultural characteristics directly influence the development modes of lion dance,which presents respectively the endogenous industrialization development mode and the exhibition-style performance development mode of derivatization of the original heritage.