中美竞合背景下东盟在美国“印太”地区小多边组织中的地位重塑研究

On Reshaping of ASEAN's Role in Minilateral Organizations in the Indo-Pacific Region Under the Sino-U.S.Competition and Cooperation

东盟国家在中美战略竞争的地缘政治大背景下,面临重塑自身在“印太”地区地位的重大机遇和挑战。伴随美国及其盟友在“印太”地区推动诸如美国-东盟峰会、“印太经济框架”和美日印澳“四方安全对话”机制等小多边组织,东盟国家越来越意识到自身在该地区和中美竞合中的关键地位,因此积极调整对美国“印太战略”的参与度和议程塑造力度,努力在中美竞合中寻求平衡。中美竞合实际上成为推动东盟国家地位重塑的重要动力。一方面,东盟国家的地区影响力在不断增强,外交渠道和合作网络持续拓宽,地区合作及联盟建设进程加快,在安全、经济及地缘政治等领域的战略选择日益多元。通过在美国主导的“印太”地区小多边机制中发挥作用,东盟国家得以提升在地区事务中的话语权和影响力。另一方面,东盟国家也在积极寻求一种相对平衡的立场,既避免过度靠拢某一方,又努力在中美竞合中博弈以获取更大的利益空间。不可否认,东盟国家的地位重塑之路并非完全坦途。东盟不仅需要平衡中美和其他大国利益、维护东盟内部团结统一、避免受波及分化,而且东盟整体实力仍有待增强,区域一体化程度有待加深,尚未能够更主动有为地参与塑造地区秩序。同时,中美竞合态势的不确定性,以及“印太”地区的其他新兴动荡因素,都将给东盟地位重塑带来诸多不稳定性。当前,东盟国家正面临重塑自身地区地位的重大机遇期。东盟需要保持战略定力,既与中美等大国通过多种合作渠道保持良性互动,又坚持以东盟为“中心”,通过提高综合实力、凝聚团结一致,在地区事务中发挥更为积极的建设性作用,为维护地区和平与发展贡献智慧和力量。

In unprecedented global changes,ASEAN countries face significant opportunities and challenges in reshaping their position in the Indo-Pacific region against the backdrop of strategic competition between China and the United States.As the U.S.and its allies promote various minilateral organizations in the Indo-Pacific,such as the U.S.-ASEAN Summit,the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity(IPEF)and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue(QSD),ASEAN countries are in-creasingly aware of their critical role in this region and in the U.S.-China competitive dynamics.Consequently,they are actively adjusting their participation and agenda-setting efforts in response to U.S.initiatives,striving to maintain a balance in the U.S.-China rivalry.The U.S.-China competition has become a key driver in reshaping ASEAN's status.On one hand,ASEAN's re-gional influence is steadily growing with expanded diplomatic channels and cooperation networks,accelerated regional coopera-tion and alliance-building processes,and increasingly diversified strategic choices in security,economic and geopolitical fields.By engaging in U.S.-led minilateral mechanisms,ASEAN countries have enhanced their voice and influence in regional affairs.On the other hand,ASEAN countries are also actively seeking a relatively balanced stance,avoiding excessive alignment with any one side while manoeuvring between the U.S.and China to gain greater benefits.It is undeniable that the path to reshaping ASEAN's status is not entirely smooth.ASEAN must balance the interests of China,the U.S.and other major powers,maintain its internal unity and avoid divisive impacts.Additionally,ASEAN's overall strength needs to be enhanced and regional integra-tion deepened.ASEAN must increase more proactive participation in shaping regional order.The uncertainty of U.S.-China com-petition and other emerging instabilities in the Indo-Pacific region also pose significant challenges to ASEAN's efforts to reshape its status.Currently,ASEAN countries are facing a crucial opportunity to reshape their regional position.ASEAN needs to main-tain strategic composure,engage in positive interactions with major powers such as China and the U.s.through various coopera-tion channels,and uphold ASEAN centrality.By enhancing comprehensive strength and fostering unity,ASEAN can play a more active and constructive role in regional affairs,contributing its wisdom and power to regional peace and development.