基于深圳市工业上楼项目装配式结构体系选型与关键技术研究

Research on type selection and key technology of prefabricated structural system based on industrial upstairs project in Shenzhen

基于相关政策支持下的3个深圳市“工业上楼”建筑项目,分析其装配式结构体系选型的持续迭代推进。从设计施工一体化视角揭示钢结构和装配式混凝土2种结构体系落实“免支模免支撑”途径的差异性。选取装配整体式框架-剪力墙结构高层厂房为研究对象,多视角分析“部分现浇部分预制”楼盖施工过程,揭示楼层现浇区域对相邻柱网内预制构件吊装效率存在一定延伸效应。针对工业建筑装配式结构体系特点,分别对实现“全免支模”途径、预应力空心板楼盖整体性构造措施、相邻预应力空心板拼缝处反拱差处理措施、预制柱截面选型、柱与牛腿一体化实践、预制外墙密闭性构造措施解决途径等关键技术问题进行深入分析,吸纳工业建筑相关建造经验,在教学楼、写字楼等其他类型项目装配式结构体系中拓展应用。最后,就发挥装配式建筑优势的基本逻辑、建筑规则性与结构体系选型关系、“免支模免支撑”合理实现途径等问题展开讨论,并对工业建筑装配式结构体系选型提供合理化建议。

Based on three"industrial upstairs"building projects supported by relevant policies in Shenzhen,continuous iterative advancement of prefabricated structural systems were analyzed.From the perspective of integrated design and construction,the differences in implementing"no mold and no support"approach between steel structures and prefabricated concrete structural systems have been revealed.The high-rise factory building with assembled integral frame-shear wall structure was selected as research object,the construction process of"semi cast-in-place,semi prefabricated"floor was analyzed from multiple perspectives,and it is revealed that the cast-in-place area of floor have a certain extension effect on lifting efficiency of prefabricated components in adjacent column grids.Based on the characteristics of prefabricated structural systems in industrial buildings,key technical issues such as achieving"fully mold free"solutions,overall construction measures for prestressed hollow slab floor systems,treatment measures for hollow slab arch deviation,selection of prefabricated column sections,on integrated practice of columns and brackets,and solutions for prefabricated exterior wall sealing construction measures have been analyzed in depth.The construction experience related to industrial architecture has been absorbed and expanded in prefabricated structural systems of other types of projects such as teaching buildings and office buildings.Finally,discussions were held on basic logic of leveraging advantages of prefabricated buildings,the relationship between building regularity and structural system selection,and reasonable implementation approach of"no mold and no support".At the same time,rationalizing suggestions for type selection of prefabricated structural systems in industrial buildings were provided.