知识产权保护赋能企业劳动收入份额增长的政策效应——基于国家知识产权示范城市政策的准自然实验

The Policy Effect of Intellectual Property Protection on the Growth of EnterprisesLabor Income Share A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the National Intellectual Property Demonstration City Policy

提升劳动收入份额是促进共同富裕的应有之义。以我国知识产权示范城市设立为例,基于2009—2020年沪深A股上市公司数据,采用多期双重差分法考察知识产权战略对企业劳动收入份额的影响,研究发现知识产权示范城市政策实施显著提升了企业劳动收入份额。其中,机制分析表明,知识产权示范城市政策实施能促进市场公平竞争、推动技术市场发展和城市人才集聚,从而降低企业垄断利润、抑制企业劳动价格扭曲以及提高企业人力资本水平,实现企业劳动收入份额提升;拓展性研究发现,在高技术企业、服务业企业以及内部控制质量较高的企业中,知识产权示范城市的劳动收入份额提升效应更明显。此外,知识产权示范城市政策实施主要提升了普通员工收入份额,有利于缩小企业内部收入差距。研究结论为深入贯彻知识产权示范城市政策以及实现创新激励与共同富裕的双赢提供启示。

Increasing labor income share is an important way to achieve common prosperity.Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2020 this paper takes the establishment of intellectual property IP demonstration cities in China as an example to investigate the impact of IP protection on the labor income share of enterprises by using Multi-Period Difference-in-Difference model.The research shows that the implementation of IP demonstration city policy significantly increases the labor income share of enterprises.The mechanism analysis shows that the implementation of IP demonstration city policy can promote the development of technology market market fair competition and urban talent concentration thus inhibiting the labor price distortion of enterprises reducing the monopoly profit of enterprises improving the human capital level of enterprises and realizing the increase of the labor income share of enterprises.And the expansion study finds that in high-tech enterprises service enterprises and enterprises with higher internal control quality the labor income share enhancement effect is more obvious in IP demonstration cities.In addition the implementation of IP demonstration city policy mainly increases the income share of ordinary employees which is conducive to narrowing the income gap within enterprises.The research conclusion provides reference for realizing the win-win of innovation incentive and common prosperity through the in-depth implementation of IP demonstration city policy.