热带地区胃幽门螺杆菌检测方法在诊断中的对比分析

Comparative analysis of diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori detection in tropical regions

目的本研究聚焦于中国热带地区(海口市和广州市),评估在幽门螺旋杆菌(H.pylori)感染诊断中碳14尿素呼气试验(14 C-UBT)与快速尿素酶试验(RUT)的效能。方法从2023年6月至8月,我们在海南医学院第二附属医院和中国人民解放军南部战区总医院招募了共300名主诉上腹部不适的患者,每位患者分别接受了14 C-UBT和RUT检测。我们记录并分析了两种检测方法的H.pylori感染阳性率,以及它们之间的统计学差异。结果结果表明,14 C-UBT阳性率分别为32.67%和31.33%,RUT则为30.00%和26.00%,尽管两种方法的阳性率存在差异,但这些差异在统计学上不显著(P>0.05)。然而,在灵敏度方面,14 C-UBT的表现明显优于RUT(P<0.05)。14 C-UBT虽非侵入性且更精准,但受限于仪器与放射性。RUT操作简便、耗时短,但作为有创检查,其准确度略低。结论热带地区H.pylori感染的诊断应根据实际情况采用不同检测方法。

Objective This study focuses on the tropical regions of China(Haikou and Guangzhou)to evaluate the efficacy of the Carbon-14 Urea Breath Test(14 C-UBT)and the Rapid Urease Test(RUT)in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.Methods From June to August 2023,we recruited 300 patients complaining of upper abdominal discomfort at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University and the Southern Theater General Hospital of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army.Each patient underwent both the 14 C-UBT and RUT.We recorded and analyzed the positive rates of H.pylori infection detected by both methods and the statistical differences between them.Results The results showed that the positive rates for 14 C-UBT were 32.67%and 31.33%,respectively,while for RUT they were 30.00%and 26.00%.Although there were differences in the positive rates between the two methods,these differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).However,in terms of sensitivity,14 C-UBT performed significantly better than RUT(P<0.05).Conclusion The diagnosis of H.pylori infection should adopt different detection methods according to the actual situation.