手术机器人在脊柱神经外科的临床应用

Clinical application of surgical robots in spinal neurosurgery

手术机器人在入路规划、导航及微创精准操作等方面优势明显,临床应用越来越广泛,极大地提高了手术的精准性、安全性和微创性。近年来,随着手术机器人迅速发展以及在神经外科、脊柱外科的应用逐步普及,其超强稳定性必然推动脊柱神经外科疾病诊治更加合理。国内外已有多款产品应用于临床,涵盖了DBS、脊柱外科及术后康复等学科,其中应用于脑深部电刺激植入手术及椎弓根螺钉植入术的机器人技术相对成熟。但是,目前手术机器人仍有一定局限性,且费用高、触觉反馈差,临床效果缺乏长期临床研究证据支持。因此,手术机器人未来的发展在于扩大应用范围,降低成本,并将手术系统与AI、3D打印等技术结合,以期在脊柱神经外科领域发挥更重要的作用。

With significant advantages in surgical approach planning,navigation and precise operation in a minimally invasive way,surgical robots are more and more widespread,which has greatly improved the accuracy,safety,and minimally invasion of surgery.In recent years,with the rapid development of surgical robots,their application in neurosurgery and spinal surgery has gradually been popularized,the super stability of surgical robots will inevitably promote more reasonable diagnosis and treatment in spinal neurosurgical diseases.There are many mature products at home and abroad that have been applied in clinical practice,covering deep brain stimulation(DBS),spine surgery,and postoperative rehabilitation.Among them,the application of robotic technology in DBS implantation and pedicle screw implantation is relatively mature.At present,the application of surgical robots still has certain limitations,such as the high cost and poor tactile feedback,and evidence on its long-term outcomes is lacking.Therefore,the future development of surgical robots lies in expanding the scope of application,reducing costs,and combining surgical systems with AI,3D printing and other technologies,hoping to play a more important role in the field of spinal neurosurgery.