不同空腔和直肋组合的微通道散热器性能研究

Study on performance of microchannel heat sinks with different cavity and rib combinations

微通道散热器是微电子系统中散热的有效部件。为提高微通道散热器的热性能,文章提出了一种不同形状空腔和直肋的组合式微通道,采用数值模拟方法研究其传热性能和流动性能。将梯形空腔与矩形、矩形圆角、前翼型和后翼型等4种直肋组合在一起,并在矩形圆角直肋的基础上改变空腔顶部长度,分别分析了不同雷诺数(Re)对努塞尔数、摩擦系数和热增强效率的影响。结果表明:空腔和直肋的组合能极大地提高散热器的性能;在不同雷诺数Re下,三角形空腔加矩形圆角直肋模型拥有最好的综合热性能,并在Re=400时产生了最大的热增强效率,且比初始梯形空腔加直肋模型整体性能提升了19.3%。

The microchannel heat sink is an effective component for heat dissipation in microelectronic systems.In order to improve the thermal performance of the microchannel heat sink,a novel combined microchannel design featuring various cavity shapes and straight ribs is proposed in this paper,and its heat transfer and flow performance are studied by numerical simulation.The study combines a trapezoidal cavity with four types of straight ribs:rectangular,rectangular rounded,front airfoil and rear airfoil.Additionally,the top length of the cavity is changed on the basis of rectangular rounded straight ribs.The effects of different Reynolds number(Re)on Nusselt number,friction coefficient and thermal enhancement efficiency are analyzed respectively.The results indicate that the combination of cavity and rib can greatly improve the performance of the heat sink;Among the tested models,the triangular cavity with rectangular rounded rib model exhibites the best comprehensive thermal performance across various Re values,achieving the highest thermal enhancement efficiency at Re=400,with a 19.3%improvement in overall performance compared to the initial trapezoidal cavity with rib model.