昆明与韶关复烤片烟醇化品质差异性研究

Study on the Quality Differences of Formula and Redried Tobacco Strips Aged in Kunming and Shaoguan

为探讨不同区域自然醇化库对烟叶醇化品质的影响,选取了昆明和广东韶关仓库作为配方复烤片烟贮存地点,比较自然醇化6、9、12、14、16月后,配方复烤片烟化学成分、致香前体物、生物酶、感官品质及烟叶微生物的变化。结果表明,昆明地区醇化烟叶中,小光壳属(Leptosphaeria)、网孢菌属(Filobasidium)等有益菌属较多,淀粉酶、果胶酶等生物酶活性,总糖、还原糖、总氮、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和芸香苷含量较高,化学成分比例更为协调,感官品质较好。韶关仓库烟叶醇化进度快,变化剧烈,但烟叶中曲霉属(Aspergillus)、链格孢属(Alternaria)等病菌霉菌较多。综上所述,昆明地区烟叶自然醇化品质好,更适合长期醇化。

To explore the effects of natural aging warehouses in different regions on the aging quality of tobacco leaves,the warehouses in Kunming and Shaoguan,Guangdong province,were selected as storage locations for formula redried tobacco strips.The changes in chemical composition,aroma precursors,biological enzymes,sensory quality and tobacco microbiota of tobacco strips were compared after natural aging for 6,9,12,14 and 16 months.The results showed that the aged tobacco leaves in Kunming warehouse included the abundant and beneficial microorganism such as Leptosphaeria and Filobasidium,high levels biological enzyme activity of amylase,pectase,cellulase and neutral protease,and high contents of total sugar,reducing sugar,total nitrogen,lutein,β-caroteneand rutin;The chemical composition ratios of tobacco strips were more coordinated,and the sensory quality of tobacco was better in Kunming.The aging process of tobacco leaves in Shaoguan warehouses was fast and changed dramatically,but there were many pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus and Alternaria in the tobacco leaves.In summary,tobacco leaves aged in Kunming have good natural aging quality and are more suitable for long-term aging.