某新能源汽车前舱储物盒塌陷拓扑优化方案分析与对比研究

Topology Optimization Analysis and Comparative Study of Collapsible Front Compartment Storage Box in New Energy Vehicles

前舱储物盒作为新能源汽车基础配置,储物盒桁架支架设计较为困难,桁架结构强度不足容易导致储物盒底部塌陷问题,强度过大则容易引发储物盒边壁“拉脱”风险。本文采用拓扑优化方法针对某品牌新能源车型储物盒底部塌陷问题进行优化分析并开展对比研究。首先对前舱储物盒进行有限元建模和网格划分;其次针对强度不足问题,构建拓扑优化数学模型并采用模拟退火算法对模型进行求解;再根据求解结果对储物盒支撑桁架设计进行优化,并对有限元模型进行调整;最终基于实际情况选取Z向-5 g加速度及舱内分别添加25 kg和30 kg重物2种仿真工况对有限元模型进行仿真模拟,并对4种不同桁架结构的优化措施进行对比,结果显示优化后的储物盒受力状态得到显著改善。

The front cabin storage box is a basic configuration in new energy vehicles,but the design of the truss support structure for the storage box is challenging.If the truss structure often lacks sufficient strength,it will lead to bottom collapse issues.While overly strong support structures may also risk causing detachment of the side walls of the storage box.Therefore,this study utilizes a topology optimization method to analyze and compare the optimization of the bottom collapse issue in the storage box of a specific brand of new energy vehicle.Firstly,finite element modeling and grid division are performed on the front cabin storage box.Secondly,to address the issue of insufficient strength,a topology optimization mathematical model is constructed,and a simulated annealing algorithm is used for model solution.Thirdly,based on the solution results,the design of the support truss for the storage box is optimized,and adjustments are made to the finite element model.Finally,two simulation scenarios are conducted:Z-directional-5G acceleration with the addition of 25 kg and 30 kg weights inside the cabin,respectively.The optimized measures for four different truss structures are compared through simulation,and the results demonstrate a significant improvement in the load-bearing state of the optimized storage box.