包覆技术在锂离子电池正极材料中的应用及挑战

Application and challenges of coating technology in cathode materials of lithiumion batteries

【目的】为了提升锂离子电池的整体性能,对包覆技术在正极材料中的应用现状进行总结。【研究现状】总结湿法化学工艺、干法化学工艺和气相化学工艺等3种包覆技术的原理、优缺点,以及行业在锂离子电池正极材料包覆技术的应用和生产实践中取得的进步;湿法化学工艺操作简单,设备要求高;干法化学工艺成本低,能耗较高;气相化学工艺纯度高,工艺复杂。【结论与展望】认为锂离子电池作为新能源的主要发展对象,性能的提升和稳定性的增强对于推动可再生能源和电动汽车等领域的发展至关重要;包覆技术已被广泛应用于锂电池领域,旨在提高正极材料的稳定性和性能。提出包覆技术在包覆机制或表征、材料的选择和设计、工艺和条件优化、工业化应用等实践中面临着挑战和发展机遇害。

Significance This paper aims to summarize the current status of coating technology applications and explore its role in enhancing the overall performance of lithium-ion batteries,thereby promoting advancements in lithium-ion battery technology.Progress The principles,advantages,disadvantages,and industrial application progress of three coating methods,wet,dry,and vapor phase methods,are reviewed.The wet chemical process is simple to operate but requires high equipment standards.The dry chemical process is cost-effective but energy-intensive.The vapor phase chemical process offers high purity but involves complex procedures.Research on coating technology focuses on developing new coating materials,optimizing environmentally friendly coating processes,and improving the functionality and stability of the coating layer.Several companies have made significant progress in applying coating technology to lithium-ion battery cathode materials,advancing the practical implementation of this technology.Conclusions and Prospects Developing more advanced coating technologies is expected to significantly improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries,providing more efficient and reliable energy storage solutions.Research trends include:1)Exploring coating mechanisms.Investigating the interface reaction mechanisms between the coating layer and the cathode material to reduce adverse reactions and improve material stability.2)Optimizing coating processes.By refining the coating process to optimize coating layer thickness and uniformity,the electrochemical and cycling performance of lithium-ion battery cathode materials can be enhanced.3)Exploring coating characterization.Emerging techniques such as high-throughput analysis,in-situ characterization,and nanoscale characterization will significantly improve the research efficiency and accuracy of surface coating layers,providing strong support for the development and application of new materials.4)Selection and design of materials.Choosing suitable coating materials and designing coating layers with excellent performance and stability remain key challenges.5)Process optimization.Developing more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient coating processes to reduce production costs and environmental pollution is a pressing issue.6)Industrial application.The stability and reliability of coating technology in large-scale production need further validation.