国家级一流本科专业建设点的布局及特征分析

Analysis of the Distribution and Characteristics of National First-Class Undergraduate Major Construction Projects

国家级一流本科专业的建设工作体现一流本科、一流专业和一流人才的建设旨向,其布局更深谙着我国一流本科教育的长远规划,故尝试对收集到的11 502个国家级一流本科专业建设点进行基本情况的统计分析和空间布局的聚类分析,借此明晰国家级一流本科专业建设点在全国范围内的地域分布及配置情况。结果显示:国家级一流本科专业建设点的布局存续着“三不均”和“三具有”之特征,即国家级一流本科专业建设点的地域分布不均、校际分布不均和学科分布不均,具有重点的区域集聚、具有鲜明的战略导向和具有动态的调整机制。有鉴于此,有针对性地提出具体的实践策略,以期为国家级一流本科专业建设点全面落实“双万计划”的目标要求提供指引。

The construction of national first-class undergraduate majors embodies the aspirations for developing top-notch undergraduate education,majors,and talents.Its layout is deeply rooted in the long-term planning for China's first-class undergraduate education.Therefore,this study attempts to conduct a statistical analysis of the basic situation and a cluster analysis of the spatial layout based on the collected data of 11,502 national first-class undergraduate major construction sites,in order to clarify the geographical distribution and allocation of these construction sites across the country.The results reveal that the layout of national first-class undergraduate major construction sites exhibits the characteristics of"three imbalances"and"three possessions":imbalances in geographical distribution,inter-school distribution,and disciplinary distribution,as well as possessing key regional concentrations,distinct strategic orientations,and dynamic adjustment mechanisms.In light of these findings,this study will propose targeted and specific practical strategies,aiming to provide guidance for the comprehensive implementation of the objectives and requirements of the"Double Ten Thousand Plan"at national-level first-class undergraduate program construction sites.