治疗剂量阿米卡星在早产豚鼠的耳毒性实验研究

The ototoxicity of amikacin with therapeutic doses on premature guinea-pigs

目的 :探讨治疗剂量阿米卡星对早产豚鼠耳蜗毒性损伤程度。方法 :足月新生豚鼠、成年豚鼠各 36只 ,早产豚鼠 2 2只 ,对照组同期豚鼠各 6只。按人类等效治疗剂量给予阿米卡星 ,每日一次共给予 14天 ,分别在实验 7、10、14d及实验的第 2 8、6 0d处死 5～ 8只、取耳蜗作光镜或 /和电镜检查。结果 :电镜显示在给药的第 3d早产豚鼠已出现毛细胞听毛倒伏和部分脱落 ,第 5d见毛细胞脱落 ,较足月新生、成年豚鼠严重。光镜显示同时间毛细胞缺失数早产组 >新生组 >成年组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;实验第 2 8d缺失数继续增多 ,第 6 0d无恢复。结论 :即使给予等效人类治疗剂量的阿米卡星 。

Objective: To investigate the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides with therapeutic doses on premature guinea pig Methods: Amikacin was injected intramuscularly with a dose of 65 mg/kg once a day for 14 days in neonatal and adult group with 36 guinea pigs each, and 22 in premature group Five to eight guinea pigs were sacrificed for histological examination of cochlea with microscopy and scanning electron microscopy on 7th, 10th and 14th day, and the 28th and 60th day There were 6 animals in each group for control Results: Observation with electron microscopy, showed many stereocilia were lain down or disappeared as early as the 3rd day after the medicine given and absent of outer hair cells in 5th day in premature groups The damage was more severe in premature group than in neonatal and adult group The observation also slowed the number of missed outer hair cells was more in the order premature, neonatal and adult group Continuous loss of hair cells was observed on the 28th day Conclusions: Significant ototoxicity of amikacin with therapeutic doses was found in premature group