西南地区慢性荨麻疹皮肤点刺试验变应原检测分析

Assay of skin prick test in patients with chronic urticaria in southwest China

目的 了解西南地区慢性荨麻疹患者的过敏情况 ,为预防和治疗慢性荨麻疹提供依据。方法 采用国际标准方法的皮肤点刺试验 ,对 2 2 5例慢性荨麻疹患者做 2 0种过敏原测定 ,并设阳性 (组胺 )及阴性 (生理盐水 )对照 ;以阳性为对照判断标准。结果 慢性荨麻疹患者蟑螂阳性率为 4 2 6 % ,粉尘螨 4 1 7% ,户尘螨 37 3% ,草花粉 2 6 6 % ,大蚂蚁 19 5 % ,法国梧桐18 6 % ,芝麻 12 8% ,狗毛 10 2 % ,酵母菌 9 7% ,艾蒿花粉 8 0 % ,烟曲霉菌 7 1% ,玉米花粉 7 1% ,猫毛 6 6 % ,松花粉 5 3% ,家鼠 5 3% ,黄鳝 4 4 % ,香烟 4 0 % ,花生 3 5 % ,鸡蛋清 3 1% ,牛奶 3 1%。结论 重庆地区慢性荨麻疹患者主要过敏原为尘螨(包括粉尘螨和户尘螨 ) ,其次为蟑螂和草花粉。

Objective To investigate allergens of chronic urticaria, to prevent and treat chronic urticaria.Methods 100 patients with chronic urticaria were tested with twenty kinds of allergen by skin prick test of international method in contrast with histamin(positive)and normal saline(negative).Results 42 6% of the cases was sensitive to roachcocks,41 7% to glycyphagus destructors,37 3% to the house dust mite,26 6% to pollen of couchs,19 5% to ants, 18 6% to chinars, 12 8% to seasems,10 2% to yeast fungi,9 7% to pollen of the moxa,8 0% to dog hair, 7 1% to aspergillus fumigatus,7 1% to zea pollinium, 6 6% to pine pollinium, 5 3% to house mice, 5 3% to cat hair,4 4% to mud eels,4 0% to peanuts,3 5% to cigarettes,3 1% to egg protein,3 1% to milk.Conclusion The dominal allergens for the cases were dust mites,roachcocks, pollen of couchs.the most of the cases with positive allergen is sensitive to multiple allergens at the same time.