青年学生被动物伤害史的流行病学调查

An Investigation on Epidemiology of Animal Injuries during Young Students

目的 调查青年学生在成长过程中被动物伤害的类型及其常见的原因 ,为制定学生伤害的干预措施和进行监测提供依据。方法 采用整群抽样的方法 ,对锦州医学院 36 1名学生进行了问卷调查。结果 被调查的学生中共发生 6种以上不同类型的动物咬伤 ,总平均发生率为 5 1 5 2 % ,前三位动物伤害分别为狗咬伤(2 9 6 4 % )、蜜蜂蛰伤 (9 97% )和猫挠伤 (4 16 % )。男生动物伤害发生率 (5 9 32 % )高于女生 (44 0 2 % ) ;年龄在 11～岁、 16～岁和 6～岁三个年龄段的学生动物伤害率均高于其它年龄段 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;来自城郊和农村的学生动物的致伤率最高 (分别为 6 1 7%和 6 1 33% ) ,而来自城市的学生动物的致伤率最低 (38 6 0 % ) ,两者之间差异非常显著 (χ2 =13 4 1,P <0 0 0 5 )。结论 学生发生动物性伤害原因复杂 ,只有得到全社会的关注 ,加强对学生的安全、健康教育 ,养成讲文明、守纪律、有道德的良好风尚 ,才能有效地预防和减少动物伤害的发生。

Objective To investigate the types and common causes of injuries by animals during students′ growth and to give guidance on injury control programs and injury surveillance systems Methods A self-designed questionnaire was conducted to investigate the injuries by animals among 361 students in Jinzhou Medical College using clustered sampling methods Results There were more than 6 kinds of injuries bitten by animals among the students The total mean rate of injuries was 51 52% Among the reported injuries bitten by animals,the common injuries were bitten by dogs(29 64%),stung by wasps(9 97%)and scratched by cats(4 16%) The probability of injuries bitten by animals among males(59 32%) was higher than that of females(44 02%) The rates of injuries at age groups 11～16～and 6～were higher than those at other age groups.The rate of animal injuries(61 76% and 61 33%) was the highest among the students from suburban and rural areas and it was 38 60%among the students from cities There was a great significant difference between them(χ 2=13 41, P <0 005) Conclusion The causes of animal injuries among the students were very complex As young students are rendered the good education with health and security,the good environment should be provided,such as politeness,discipline,morality Thus the rate of animal injuries may be decreased,even may be controlled actually