大蒜蒜头黑腐病病原菌鉴定

Pathogen identification of black rot disease of garlic bulb

在陕西关中大蒜产区发现了一种大蒜新病害——蒜头黑腐病,依据柯赫氏证病律进行了病原菌鉴定。由发病蒜瓣分离到一种国内未报道的病原真菌Embellisiaallii(Campanile)Simmons。该菌在PDA平板上菌落灰黑色,边缘整齐;分生孢子梗屈膝状弯曲,有分枝,孢痕明显;分生孢子单生,暗色,椭圆形或近圆柱形,正直,少数弯曲,呈S形或Y形,有暗褐色横膈4～10个,纵膈或斜膈0～2个。孢子大小(30～56)μm×(10～17)μm,表面光滑或微粗糙。用分离菌接种蒜瓣,引起黑腐症状,与自然发病相同。该菌为中国新记录种。

Black rot of garlic bulb,a new garlic (Allium sativum L.) storage disease,was found in main garlic growing area in Shaanxi Province.The pathogen identification was conducted following Kochs postulation.The isolate from infected bulbs was identified as Embellisia allii (Campanile) Simmons,a new record species in China.The fungal colony on PDA plate was greyblack with smooth edge.Conidiophore was stout,becoming progressively geniculate at conidiogenic loci,convoluted,branched,with conspicuous umbilici.Conidium was golden brown or tawny brown,short to long ellipsoid or subcylindroid,straight,curved,sigmoid,S or Yshaped with 4-10 transverse and 0 or uncommonly 1-2 longitudinal or oblique septa,which was dark brown.The conidium body measured 30-56 μm×10-17 μm,the surface of conidium was smooth or slightly rough.