准噶尔盆地油气勘探开发成果及前景

Achievements and Prospect for Petroleum Exploration and Development in Junggar Basin

准噶尔盆地油气勘探始于20世纪初,大规模的油气勘探开发工作是从解放后开始的。随着20世纪50年代中期油气勘探重点由山前转向地台区,先后发现了克拉玛依油田及西北缘油气聚集带,特别是改革开放以来,引入了先进的勘探手段和理论,建立了西北缘大逆掩断裂带构造含油模式,又发现了准东油气富集区、盆地腹部侏罗系油气聚集带和陆梁白垩系油气富集带,总结并提出的“源外沿梁断控阶状运聚”成藏模式,有力地指导了油气勘探。在油气勘探取得重大突破的同时,油气开发也取得了骄人的成绩,20世纪80年代初期开展的大规模稠油热采,已成为油田产能的支柱之一,年产量达300×104t以上;创立了一整套合理开发砾岩油藏、中渗砂岩油藏、低渗裂缝性油藏、火山岩特殊油藏的理论和方法,使得油田得以实现22年持续增产;2002年新疆油田公司年产原油可达1010×104t,成为我国西部第一个年产上千万吨的大油田。为了实现油田的持续发展,为西部大开发做出更大的贡献,已制定了近、中、长期发展规划,即:2002年生产原油1000×104t,天然气20×108m3;“十五”末原油产量达1200×104t,生产天然气30×108m3;2010年生产原油1500×104t,生产天然气50×108m3.

The petroleum prospecting in Junggar basin commenced in early1900s.After the liberation,it was en-tering large-scale E&D practices.With the focus of the prospecting converting from foothill belt into platform area in middle of1950s,Karamay oilfield and petroleum accumulation zones in northwestern margin of Junggar basin were dis-covered successively.Particularly,since performing China's reform and open policy,introduction of advanced tools and theory for petroleum exploration,the oil bearing mode of great overthrust structural belt in northwestern margin of Jung-gar basin was developed and established,thus followed by a series of discoveries such as Jundong(East Junggar)hydro-carbon enriched area,Jurassic petroleum accumulation zone in hinterland of the basin and Luliang Cretaceous oil-gas enriched belt.Hence,the reservoir-formation model of'Allogenic petroleum migration and accumulation along beam and step controlled by faults and fractures'have been summarized and proposed,which is of powerful guidance to im-portant breakthroughs for petroleum prospecting hereafter.Meanwhile,oil-gas exploitation has been obtaining achieve-ments out of the common:A large scale of heavy oil thermal recovery conducted in early of1980s has become one of backbones in productivity of Karamay oilfield,with annual production over300×10 4 t;developing a complete set of theo-ries and methods for reasonable development of conglomerate reservoir,medium-permeable sandstone reservoir,low-permeable fractured reservoir and special volcanic reservoir,thus realizing continued production growth;in2002,crude production of1010×10 4 t will be reached by PetroChina Xinjiang Oil,and Karamay oilfield will become the first giant field with annual output over1000×10 4 t in Western China.In order to realize persisting development of the field and make greater contribute to the Great Development of Western China,we have worked out planning or targets in the near,middle and long-term development,i.e.,in2002,reaching crude output of1000×10 4 t,natural gas output of20×10 8 m 3 ;by the end of'Tenth Five-Year Plan',oil output of1200×10 4 t,gas output of30×10 8 m 3 ;in2010,oil output of1500×10 4 t,gas output of50×10 8 m 3 .