家蚕饲料效率的遗传学研究

GENETICAL STUDIES ON THE DIETARY EFFICIENCY OF THE SILKWORM,BOMBYX MORI L.

试验采用不同蚕品种和不同世代设计,研究了饲料效率在不同系统间、世代间,品种间的表现,发现F_1的饲料效率介于两亲本之间,几乎不存在杂种优势,回交后代表现取决于回交亲本。经饲料效率的遗传研究查明,控制叶丝转化率的基因在7对以上,控制茧重转化率的基因在12对以上。基因效应中上位性效应起重要作用,叶丝转化率主要受显性效应、加性效应和显性×加性效应控制;茧重转化率主要受显性效应、加性×加性效应、显性×加性效应控制,确定了叶丝转化率和茧重转化率的位点互作属重叠型。此外还估算了遗传力、平均显性度和基因数目等遗传参数,并对有关问题作了讨论。

We studied the dietary efficiency of different generations including P1 ,P2, F1,F2,BC1and BC2. The results showed that the dietary efficiency of F1 generation is between its two parental stocks and there is hardly any heterosis in the dietary efficiency. The dietary efficiency of Japanese races is slightly highet than that of others. The dietary efficiency is controlled by additive ×dominance effect and additive ×additive effect. Its interacting effect belongs to overlapping type. Additionally ,we analysed and estimated the heritability ,number of genes, average dominant ratio and other inheritable parameters of dietary efficiency of silkworms . Other problems about dietary efficiency are also discussed in this paper.